MELANIID. 255 
Distr.—41 sp. Mediterranean region of Europe, Asia and 
Africa, New Caledonia, New Zealand. Fossil, 25 sp. Eocene—; 
Kurope, United States. MV. prerosa, Linn. (Ixxi, 99), 
Aperture excised-canaliculate at the base, a thick, tubercular 
parietal callus above. Operculum subspiral or paucispiral, 
nucleus sinistral, marginal or submarginal. 
CANTHIDOMUS, Swainson. Spire generally short; whorls cor- 
onated or longitudinally ribbed, last whorl anteriorly obtuse. 
M. costata, Fer. (1xxi, 98). 
LYRCEA, H. and A. Adams. Shell oval-fusiform, whorls 
grooved; inner lip with a large posterior callus ; columella sub- 
truncate in front; aperture posteriorly canaliculated. MM, 
Dufourti, Graells. 
MELANOPTYCHA, Neumayr, 1880. Columella plicate. Tertiary ; 
Austria. MM. Bittneri, Neumayr (xxi, 100). 
SMENDOVIA, Tournouér, 1882. 
Distr.—S. Thomasi, Tourn. Tertiary ; Algiers. 
Shell large, fragile, fusiform ; Spire acute; last whorl gibbous, 
longitudinally plicate ; columella callous (callus tumid, not pro- 
duced behind), almost straight, anteriorly somewhat produced 
into a recurved canal, which is scarcely margined. 
Sromatopsis, Stache. 
Disir.—S. crassicostata, Stache. Cosinaschichten, Dalmatia. 
Shell thick, long ovate, spire sharp, scalariform, with sharp, 
fold-like transverse ribs, affecting the sutural line; mouth rounded 
or oval, somewhat angular, with thickened lip. 
Faunus, Montfort. 
Syn.—Pirena, Lam. Faunopsis, Gill (young shell). 
Distr.—4 sp. Ceylon, Philippines, Western Polynesia. F. 
atra, Linn. (1xxi, 1). 
Shell subulate, smooth ; aperture profoundly excised-emargi- 
nate at the base, sinuate above; columellar lip callous. Oper- 
culum (?). 
The species of this genus, which differs from Melanopsis in 
the length of the spire, and in the sinuated, broadly-expanded 
outer lip, inhabit the beds of tropical rivers and rivulets, where 
they may be seen crawling on the soft mud at the bottom, feeding, 
apparently, on decayed vegetable matter. 
MELANATRIA, Bowd. 
Distr.—5 sp. Madagascar. MV. Sluminea, Gmel. (1xxi, 2). 
Shell turreted, smooth or costate, sometimes spinose; aperture 
more or less sinuous at the base and above. Operculum spiral ; 
nucleus sinistral, subcentral. 
- PIRENOPSIS, Brot. : Solid, turreted longitudinally ribbed, spirally 
