132 THE HUMBLE-BEE vil 
might have been maintained if I allowed her to fly, 
I made a hole in one of my boxes and placed it in 
the garden. For several hours the queen showed 
no inclination to leave her brood; at last she took 
wing, but though she marked the spot, she never 
returned, 
This was disappointing, and no further attempts 
were made for some years—not, in fact, until 1910, 
when a searching ¢evrvestr7s queen having been 
captured and induced to lay eggs by being confined 
with another in the manner explained, two ¢errestris 
workers were caught at flowers, and after having 
been kept in a dark box for a few hours, were 
placed with her. These workers soon became 
attached to the brood, tending it as if it was their 
own, with the result that the queen did not desert, 
and the larve grew, span their cocoons, and 
developed into workers. In this way, therefore, 
a colony was successfully established. 
In the spring of 1911 this experiment was re- 
peated with six pairs of queens, and every case 
proved successful. In some instances, ¢ucorum 
workers were supplied instead of tevves¢vis workers. 
I also succeeded in getting several queens to 
start laying with only one worker as a companion, 
and so the duelling and killing of queens was 
avoided. But it was difficult to get the brood 
reared properly without adding one or two more 
workers. 
In some cases I| allowed the workers to fly after 
they had settled down, but occasionally they got 
