INTRODUCTION. XXXVll 



apically often pellucid or spurious. From the base of the stic;ma to near 

 the apex of the wing extends the marginal or radial nervure,' tlie two 

 short nervures connecting the radial and cubital being termed the sub- 

 marginal.'' Below the cubital, and nearly i)arallel with it, is the anal 

 nervure,^ rising from the fust recurrent ; both tlie anal and the radial 

 nervures are sometimes apically pellucid. Nearer the radix, and traversing 

 nearly the whole breadth of the wing, is the basal nervure,^ its upper 

 portion'"' being above, and its lower'' beneath, the median nervure, 

 through which it is often not directly continuous as in the figure. Below 

 the posterior nervure is a small line known as the axillary, though rarely 

 referred to. 



The above nervures, it will be seen, sub-divide the fore wing into eleven 

 areae or cells, i, 2 and 3 of which are the basal ' ; 4,*^ 5 and 6 '•' are the 

 cubital, of which the central varies very greatly in shape and constancy, 

 as has already been pointed out, and is termed individually the areolet ^" ; 

 7'^ and 8'- and 9 ^■' are the discoidal, of which 7 in many instances is 

 nearly super-incumbent upon 8 ; to is the anal cell ^' ; 11 the apical or 

 radial cell,^'"' and this also varies greatly in shape in different genera. 



The neuration of the hind wing is mucli less complex, and but liitle 

 attention, except in such genera as Anomalon, &c., had been paid to it till 

 Thomson exhibited the varying position of the nervellus in relation to the 

 first recurrent nervure. The other nervures, all more or less pellucid to- 

 wards their apices, are of but little importance ; h is the humeral nervure,^'" 

 and is usually sub-obsolete. From the radix (at B) rise three nervures, the 

 anterior,!*^ the median, ^'^ and the posterior.^^ The first of these emits the 

 radial nervure from near its apex, and this is attached to the median by 

 the little second recurrent. ^^ Between the median and posterior nervures, 

 in the middle of the wing, is the first recurrent,-^ which is said to be ante- 

 furcal, if its upper extremity be nearer the radix than its lower, continuous 

 or opposite, if both extremities be equidistant therefrom, and post-furcal, if 



1 Tlie radius of Rridg.-Fitch, radiatader of Forst., marginal of Saiind. ; often divided into three 

 parts by Holmgr. and Thorns., of which that immediately above the areolet is the central. 



■i These, in descriptions, are usually termed the sides of the areolet ; they are the intercubital 

 recurrent nervures of IJridg.-Fitch. 



!< Nee Herth. ; the apical portion of the Mittalader, Forst. 



4 Brachial recurrent, Bridg. -Fitch. 



5 Grundader or vena basalis, Fbrst. ; cubitalis internus, Holmgr. ; ncrvus basalis, Thoms. ; 

 upper basal, Saund. 



<) Ncrvus transversus ordinarius, Thoms. ; lower basal, Saund. ; die i Huineralquerader, Forst. 



7 The three humeral cells, Grav. ; costal, median and anal, Berth. ; das vordere Sclmlterfeld, 

 vordere und hintcre Schulterfeld, Fbrst. ; basal, Saund. 



« The first cubital, Hridg.-Fitch, Holmgr., Berth. ; cubitalis interna, Grav. ; disco-cubital, W'csni., 

 FiJrst., Berth. ; first discoidal and sub-marginal, Saund. 



!* Third cubital, auctt. ; cubitalis externa, Cirav. ; third sub-maiginal, Saund. 



10 Areola, amit. ; intermedia, Grav. ; cubitalis secunda, Wesm., Holmgr., Forst. ; second sub- 

 marginal, Thoms. and Saund. ; areolet, Bridg. -Fitch ; cellule, Ste. 111. M. vii., p. 127, pi. xxxix., ff. 



11 First discoidal, mihi ; prcdiscoidal, Bridg.-I'itch ; discoidalis intermedia, Grav. ; discoidalis, 

 Thoms., Berth. ; second discoidal, Saund., I-iJrst. 



1-J Second discoidal, »u7i/; podiscoidal, Bridg. -Fitch ; postica interna, Grav. ; das hintere mittlere 

 Schulterfeld, Fiirst. ; brachialis secunda, Thoms. ; discoidalis interna, Wesm. ; third discoidal, Saund. 



i:' Third discoidal, Fbrst. ; externomedial, Bridg. -Fi.ch. ; discoidalis externa, Grav. ; posterior. 

 Berth. ; first apical, Saund. 



1< .Xnal, Bridg. -l-"itch ; postica externa, Grav. ; afterzelle, Fbrst. ; posterior. Berth. ; second 

 apical, Saund. 



i-'- Kadialis, auctt. ; radialfeld, Fbrst. ; marginal, Saund. 



1" This is the humerus of Thoms. 



n Die Unterrandader, Fbrst. This is really the sub-costal nervure which is not, 'as In the front 

 wing, connate witli tlie costal, though the intervening space (the costal cell) is usually of a deeper 

 colour than the remainder of the wing. 



W Mittelab.ir, Fbrst.; cubitus. Thoms. 



1'' Hinteralder, Fbrst. ; brachium, Thoms. 



^0 Ramus superior cubiti, Thoins. 



21 Humeralquerader, Fbrst ; nervus transversus ordinarius. Thorns. 



