INTRODUCTION. 



Sub-family. OPMIONINAE. 



Head transverse or buccate ; eyes oblong, often emarginate next the 

 antennae ; face nearly always with sericeous pilosity, often prominent ; 

 clypeus usually indistinctly discreled ; mandibles narrowed apically, teeth 

 sub-equal. Antennae filiform or setaceous, elongate. Thorax stout, more 

 rarely sub-com[)ressed or rugose, very finely punctate ; metathorax often 

 longitudinally impressed, the areae wanting or inconspicuous, areola often 

 semi-circular ; spiracles oblong or circular. Abdomen compressed through- 

 out, or at the apex only; petiolate, very rarely sub-sessile or sub-cylindrical, 

 usually elongate ; terebra short, often half, very rarely as long as, the 

 body ; first segment narrow, sub-linear, rarely abruptly dilated apically, 

 its spiracles usually in or behind, rarely before, the centre. Legs normal, 

 hind femora rarely incrassate and dentate, their tarsi sometimes spatuliform, 

 and onyches rarely pectinate. Wings normal, often narrow ; areolet 

 triangular, rhomboidal, often petiolate or wanting ; stigma sometimes very 

 large and semi-circular ; the radial cell sometimes broadly trapeziform. 



Sub-family. TRVPHONINAE. 



Head transverse, tumidulous or sub-globose ; eyes entire, very rarely 

 emarginate next antennae; face sometimes strongly protuberant ; clypeus 

 generally discreted; mandibles a little narrowed apically, the teeth not 

 always equal. Antennae filiform or setaceous, very rarely incrassate at 

 centre or apex. Thorax stout; metathorax distinctly or obsoletely areated, 

 longitudinal costae usually present; its spiracles circular, more rarely ovate. 

 Abdomen of variable outline, depressed or, in $ , apically sub-compressed ; 

 petiole sessile or sub-sessile ; first segment nearly straight, rarely sub- 

 arcuate ; its spiracles placed before, more rarely in or slightly behind, 

 the middle ; terebra very short, usually concealed, at most sub-exserted. 

 Legs normal or incrassate ; tibial calcaria more rarely wanting ; onyches 

 sometimes pectinate. Wings normal ; areolet wanting, triangular or 

 rhomboidal, very rarely pentagonal. 



Subfamily. PIMPLINAE. 



Head transverse, more rarely tumidulous, buccate or sub-globose ; eyes 

 often emarginate ; clypeus usually convex and excavate before its apex ; 

 mandibles a little narrowed apically, teeth sub-equal. Antennae filiform or 

 setaceous, very rarely centrally erosed. Thorax stout, often depressed 

 dorsally ; pronotum sometimes elongate; mesonotum rarely trans-striate, 

 notauli deep and elongate ; metathorax rarely areated, transverse costae 

 alone usually distinct ; its spiracles oblong or circular. Abdomen elongate; 

 depressed or slightly convex, often rugulose, tuberculate or with impressed 

 lines ; sessile ; first segment either convex, short and tumidulous or long 

 and sub-petiolate basally, its spiracles before the centre ; terebra always 

 exserted, sometimes more than twice length of the body. Legs normal ; 

 onyches often pectinate. Wings with areolet wanting or broadly triangular, 

 more rarely somewhat pentagonal. 



