148 Beautiful Shells. 
first found it in Scotland amidst the ruins o 
Dunottar Castle; and it must have an affinity for 
old castles, as Mr. E. J. Lowe mentions as a Mid- 
land habitat Nottingham Castle yard. Three 
examples next turn up of the chrysalis snail shell, 
or pupa. Their fancied resemblance to chrysalids 
give the pup their name. They are similar in their 
habits to the Bulimi, feeding on vegetable sub- 
stances ; residing under mosses, herbage, or stones ; 
inert in continued drought, and searching mostly for 
food at night, when the grass is moist. Unlike the 
Bulimus, however, the Pupa umbilicata, for instance, 
is a slow mover, and carries its shell at the mode- 
rate inclination of 15°; and the shell, instead ot 
tapering like the Bulimus, comes abruptly to an 

51. Bulimus obscurus (the Dusky Twist Shell), Miller, 
52. Pupa umbilicata (the Umbilicated Chrysalis Shell), 
Draparnaud. 53. Pupa pygmcea (the Pigmy Chrysalis 
Shell). 54. P. substriata (the Six-toothed Chrysalis 
Shell), Jeffreys. 
apex. It is very minute, usually only the ninth of 
an inch long and the twentieth of an inch broad, 
