PRINCIPAL ABBREVIATIONS. XV 
Vils. N. A. Holm. Nilsson in the Nova Acta Holmie. 
Nobis = Hanley. 
Nouv. (or N.) Ann. du Mus. = Ann. du Mus. new series. 
Olafsen Is. Res. Olafsen’s Reise durch Island, 1722. 
Olivi. Olivi’s Zoologia Adriatica, 1792. Utterly inadequate descrip- 
tions. 
Otho Fabr. Dankse V. S. (or Skriv. or Sk.) = Fabr. in Dankse, &c. 
Pallas, Itin. Pallas’s Reisen &c. Russ. Reichs. 1771, 1773, 1776. 
Mis. Z. Pallas’s Miscellanea Zoologica, 1766. 
Pay., Payr., or Payr. Corsic. (or Cat. or Cat. Cors.) Payraudeau’s 
Catalogue des Annelides et des Mollusques de le de Corse, 
1826. 
Pen. or Pennant. Pennant’s British Zoology, vol. iv. (ed. 4), 1777. 
Penny Cyc. Figures in the Penny Cyclopedia. 
Petit. Petit’s MSS. quoted by Sowerby for Pecten madreporarum. 
Petiv. Petiver’s Gazophylacii Nature, &c. 1702 to 1711. No 
scientific names. 
Pfeif. C. Pfeiffer’s Deutscher Land-u-Siisswasser-Mollusken ; pt. i. 
1821; pt. 1. 18243 pt. ii. 1828. 
Philippi, Phil. or Philip., or Phil. (or Ph.) Sic. Philippi’s Enu- 
meratio Molluscorum Siciliz: vol. 1. 1886; i. 1844. 
Conch. (or N. C. or Ab. und Bes. Conch. or Philippi’s Abbil- 
dungen). Philippi’s Abbildungen und Beschreibungen Neuer 
&c. Conchylien; vol, i. 1842 to 1845; ii. 1845 to 1847; iii. 
1847 to 1851. 
in Kust. Ch. Philippi’s monographs in Kuster’s edition of 
Martini and Chemnitz. 
Phil. Mag. The Philosophical Magazine. 
Phil. Wieg. Philippi in Wiegmann’s Archiv. fur Naturgeschichte. 
Poli. Poli’s Testacea utriusque Sicilie ; vol. i. 1791; u. 1795. 
Proc. (or Pr.) Bost. Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural 
History. 
— Philad. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of 
Philadelphia. 
Pult. Pulteney’s Catalogue of the Birds, Shells, &c. of Dorsetshire, 
1799. 



Quoy, or Quoy Ast. Quoy and Gaimard in the Zoologie of the 
Voyage de l’Astrolabe. Mollusques, 1832, &c. 
Raf. or Raf. Ann. de Sc. Phy. [afinesque in the Annales &c. 
Sciences Physiques, 1820; translated by Poulson, 1882. 
