PRINCIPAL ABBREVIATIONS. x1 
E. or EF. M. Tableau Encyclopédique et Méthodique des trois 
Regnes de la Nature. Vers. Plates. List of names by Bory 
St. Vincent. 
Eaton, or Eat. or Eat. in Tr. Jour. Med. Eaton in the Transylvania 
Journal of Medicine, 1831. 
Hichw. Fauna Casp. Fichwald’s Fauna Caspio-Caucasia, 1841. 
(or Hichwald) Zool. Spec. Hichwald’s Zoologia Specialis. 
Eine. Am. Nich. Conch. or Eincy. Am. = Say, Nich. 
Exot. Conch. Exotic Conchology; ed. 1, imperfect, from 1822 to 
1835; ed. 2, by Hanley, 1841. 

Fabr. in Dankse V.S.S. O. Fabricius in Dankse Videnskabernes 
Selskabs Skrifter, 1788. 
—— Faun. Grenl. (or Gr.) O. Fabricius’ Fauna Greenlandica, 
1780. 
Fav. Favanne de Montcerville’s enlarged edition of Argenville’s 
Conchyliologie, 1780. 
Fér. or Férussac. Feérussac; here chiefly quoted for his remarks on 
Naiades in Guerin’s Magasin de Zoologie, 1835. 
Fischer, Mus. Demid. Fischer de Waldheim’s Museum Demidoff, 
vol. ili. 1807. Descriptions indefinite. 
Flem. or Fl. or F. Fleming’s History of British Animals, 1828. 
Forbes, Report Brit. As. Forbes on Augean Mollusca in the Report 
of the British Association for 1843. 
Forskael, Desc. Anim. Forskil’s Descriptiones Animalium, &c., 
quee in itinere Orientali observavit, 1775. 
Gm. or Gmel. or Ginelin. Gmelin’s edition of the Systema Nature 
of Linneeus, vol. i. pt 6, 1790. 
Gould, or Gould Mas. Gould’s Report on the Invertebrata of Mas- 
sachussetts, 1841. 
Gray. More frequently refers to his papers in Ann. Phil. 1825. 
Analyst. Gyay in the Analyst for 1838 (vol. viii.) 
Apa. Fly. Gray's Appendix to Jukes’ Voyage of the Fly; 
vol. 11. 1847. 
App. to Dieffenbach Zeal (or in Dief. Zeal.) = Dieffen. N. Z. 
Brach. Gray and Woodward's Catalogue of the Brachiopoda 
in the British Museum, 1853. 
in Brit. Mus. (or M. B.) Gray’s names attached to the tablets 
of shells in the British Museum. 
Cat. An. (or Plac.) Gray’s Catalogue of the Placentade and 
Anomiade in the British Museum, 1850. 
—— Parry (or in Parry, Sup. or Sup. to Parry). Gray's shells in 
the Supplement to the Appendix of Parry’s voyage, 1824. 
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