APPENDIX. 365 
extreme squamiferous coste), which are very close-set; the hinder 
ones finely subnodulous. Ligamental edge rising, straightish; ven- 
tral edge arcuated behind, retuse in front; ligamental area somewhat 
sunken. 3. Isle of Annaa. 
CarpiuM orpira (t.17, f.17), Brod. and Sow. Z. P. 1833.—Sow. 
C. I. Car. f. 13.—Reeve, I. Car. f. 85. Large, obliquely oval, gib- 
bous, longitudinal, solid, variegated with fulvous stains on a whitish 
ground, with about 42 radiating ribs; front ribs armed with short 
and very crowded oblique scaly tubercles; hinder ribs with overlap- 
ping plates, the arcuated extremities of which form, as it were, 
concentric crenz, mtervening ones laterally but unevenly serrato- 
squamose or crenoserrated on each side, the front being invariably 
the rougher side; costal imtervals deep, rather narrow, smooth to 
the eye; inside white, edged with purplish red. 24...33. Isle of 
Annaa. Even the central ribs become wholly squamose near the 
ventral margin. 
CaRDIUM INCARNATUM (t. 17, f. 27), Reeve, Z. P. 1844, p. 167; 
I. Car. f. 2. Longitudinally suborbicular, subequilateral, thickish, 
tumid, of an uniform glossy flesh-colour, which changes to pink near 
the margin, radiated with about 26 prominent ribs, that are rounded 
above, undercut at their bases, surmounted by a row of minute 
spinous grains (often abraded), and are separated by much narrower 
intervals, which are crossed by obsolete sulci; ventral edge much 
arcuated; umbones prominent, very oblique; inside whitish, dirty 
pink in front, strongly ribbed. 14...13. Philippines. 
Carpium Desnayesi (t. 17, f. 34), Payr. t. 1, f. 33, 4, 5.—Sow. 
C. I. Car. f. 70.—fReeve, I. Car. f. 83.  Rotundately cordate, gib- 
bous, pale rusty brown, nearly equilateral, with 22 radiating ribs, 
which are armed down the middle with a row of short spoon-shaped 
scales vaulting over towards the umbones; posterior scales wider, 
and rather depressed; intervals transversely marked with wrinkled 
strie. 13. Mediterranean. 
Carpium eLavcum (t. 17, f. 36)—C. Rusticum, Ch. (not Lin.) 
f.197.— Desh. El. C. t. 25, fo 1.— C. & Brug. EH. p. 221.— 
C. Lamarcxit, and Bexticum, Reeve, I. Car. f. 93, 113.—C. EpuLE, 
var. Br. Mol. Oboval, or ovate, transverse, thinnish, tumid, glossy, 
subinequilateral, white tinged with bluish gray, usually smoke- 
coloured in front, radiated with about 24 rounded ribs, of which the 
posterior ones are set with raised concentric wrinkles that else- 
where become wholly or partially obsolete. Hinge and internal 
ribs brown. 1}...14. Hurope. I think tt an extreme variety of 
C. edule. 
Carpium Caspivum (t. 17, f. 88).—CorsuLa C. Hichw. Zool. Spec. 
—Monopacna C. Hichw. Faun. Casp.— Car. C. Reeve, I. Car. 
