DISPERSAL BY MAN. I9I 



colonize it, presumably in Lancashire, but has hitherto 

 failed, owing, he believes, to the creatures having been 

 picked up by birds. ^ A few turned out in the north of 

 Scotland, near the coast, by Mr. W. Baillie of Brora, 

 are believed to have perished during the first winter. 



Mr. Baillie has experimented with several species 

 near Brora, with considerable success. In 1883, he 

 mentioned that he had introduced into the lower part 

 of the basin of the Brora River colonies of Helix acuta 

 and Helix virgata from Llandudno, H. ericetoruui from 

 North Sutherland, and H. aspersa from Banff, the first 

 three of which seemed likely to hold their ground, but 

 H. aspersa had been lost sight of, " probably killed out 

 by blackbirds." Subsequently, in 1887, some of these 

 colonies were reported to have done well ; Helix 

 acuta and Helix virgata were living in hundreds, extend- 

 ing northwards from the mouth of the Brora River for 

 upwards of half-a-mile. Clausilia parvula, which had 

 been introduced from Normandy, seemed to hold its 

 ground. Clausilia laniinata, Cyclostouia elegans, and a 

 few specimens oi H.pisana, H. cantiana, and H. rufescens 

 had also been turned out.- In October, 1891, Mr. 

 Baillie had the kindness to furnish me with a few 

 additional notes ; the H. virgata colony, he stated, was 

 the most promising, the creatures having increased 

 near the sea to thousands. H. acuta, which had 

 prospered for some time, had apparently died out. 



\ R. Standen, " Nat.," 1887, p. 176. 



- W. Baillie, " Journ. of Conch.," iv. (1884), p.. 160; v. (1887), 

 p. 192. 



