DISPERSAL BY MAN. 1 99 



two of them occurring plentifully, from Mr. Thacker's 

 orchid-house in Nottingham, and many similar finds 

 might be instanced ; one exotic species, in fact, is now 

 well established in greenhouses, cucumber-frames^ pine- 

 beds, etc. in many parts of this island. Mr. Heath- 

 cote is said to have taken some splendid specimens of 

 Hyalinia draparnaldi — apparently unknown as an in- 

 digenous species in Lancashire — in his greenhouse at 

 Preston in that county. Mr. Standen mentions having 

 discovered one in his fernery at Swinton near Man- 

 chester ; it had probably been transported with some 

 ferns sent to him by Mr. Heathcote.^ It is interesting 

 to find that the creatures have been actually noticed 

 among imported plants : thus Mr. Gude recently showed 

 me a living shell of Helicina amcena, found by one of 

 the employes at Messrs. Williams' nurseries, Upper 

 Holloway, in a case of orchids {Cattleya citrina) which 

 had just arrived in a dry state from Mexico, and it is 

 perhaps worth mentioning that a living snail {Helix 

 nemoralis or hortensis) has been received at the same 

 nurseries in a consignment of Sphagnum-moss from 

 Essex. To give another instance : a Bulimus-snail, 

 possibly Stibulina striatella^ was once found in Madeira 

 by Senhor J. M. Moniz amongst some plants received 

 by him from the island of St. Thomas in the Gulf of 

 Guinea ; and on another occasion_, three dead shells 

 believed to belong to the same species, foreign to the 

 Madeiran Archipelago, were found in an old bone, 



' R. Standen, "Naturalist," 1887, p. 176. 



