DISPERSAL BY MAN. 257 



was the true Helix aperta imported and dropped by 

 some French sailor, or it may have been introduced 

 with plants.] ^ 



Helix personata Lam. Jeffreys, who did good 

 service in helping to banish H. aperta and other foreign 

 shells from our catalogues, was himself guilty of the 

 insertion of other species which are now known to 

 have no claim whatever to be regarded as British. 

 H. villosa, we have just seen, was introduced by him in 

 1877, and previously, in the ** Annals and Magazine " in 

 1870, he had introduced the central European H, 

 pej^sonata : — 



" The tale of British land and fresh-water shells is not 

 yet told. A dead specimen of Helix personata has been 

 found by Mr. S. A. Stewart, of Glasgow, at Newcastle, 

 in CO. Down ; and it is now ... in my possession. Last 

 year I examined Mr. Stewart's collection of fossil shells 

 from the Post-Tertiary beds at Belfast and in that 

 neighbourhood, and I have since received several com- 

 munications from him on the same subject. Judging 

 from his accuracy in these matters, I have every reason 

 to believe that H. personata is a native of Ireland, and 

 that his specimen was not accidentally introduced, as 

 was the specimen of H. aperta into the Channel Isles." 



In 1883, when a discussion arose in '* Science Gossip " 

 as to the admission of certain land-shells into the British 

 list^ Mr. Stewart wrote to corroborate a statement that 

 the claim of H. personata as a British species rested on 



' Gray's '' Turton," 1840, pp. 36, 53, 127-8 ; 1857, p. 293 ; " Forbes 

 and Hanley," iv. (1853), pp. 43-4 ; Jeffreys, i. (1862), pp. 1S4-5. 



S 



