370 CRYPTOGAM I A. 



to take into consideration the absence or presence 

 of the involucrum, and especially the direction in 

 which it bursts. Sec Tracts relating to Nat, Hist. 

 215, t. 1. 



Folypodiam, Engl. Bof. t, 1149, has no invo- 

 lucrum ; Aspidium, t. 1458 — 1461, has a single, 

 and Scolopendriiim^ t. 1150, a double one. Os- 

 77iimda, t. 209, has been remarked by Professor 

 Swartz to have a spurious ring. It is one of those 

 ferns the lobes of whose frond are metamorphosed, 

 us it M'ere, into spikes of capsules. Botrychium of 

 Swartz, more distinctly spiked, and having no ves- 

 tige of a ring, is separated by him from Osmunda, 

 See one species of it in Engl, Bot. t. 3\S. Ophio- 

 glossum, t, 108, and Equisetum, t. 9^^^, 9^9, are 

 other examples of spiked ferns. Each seed of the 

 latter is embraced by four filaments, judged by Hed- 

 wig to be the stamens. Supposed ferns, with radical 

 fructifications, are Pilularia, if. 521, diwA Isoetes^ 

 t. 1084 ; but the former might possibly be referred 

 to Monoecia Folyandria^ and the latter to Monoecia 

 Monandria, as the system at present stands. Lyco- 

 podium, t. 224, 1 148, &c., is a fern, at least in my 

 opinion, with axillary fructification. 



2. Miisci. Mosses. These are really herbs'* with di- 

 stinct leaves and frequently as distinct a stem. Their 

 conical membranous corolla is called a calyptra^ 



* Iledwis's term mn%c\ frondou is incorrect. 



