90 
polygalace.se. (milkwort family.) 
* ♦ * * Biennial or 'perennial: jloicers purple; also with whitish fer¬ 
tile ones on subterranean branches. 
12. P. poly gam a, Walt. Stems numerous from the biennial 
root, mostly simple, ascending, very leafy ; leaves oblanceolate or ob¬ 
long, alternate; terminal raceme many-flowered, the broadly o ovate 
wings longer than the crested corolla; radical flowers raceme on 
short runners on or beneath the ground, with imperfect coro as, 
lobes of the caruncle 2, scale-like, shorter than the seed. (P- ru e a, 
Muhl.) — Dry sandy soil, common. July. — Stems 6' - 1-' hig > t e 
rose-purple flowers (£' long) very handsome, 8-androus, often ripen 
ing seeds as well as the subterranean ones. 
13. P. paucifolia, Willd. Perennial; flowering stems short 
(3 ; - 4 1 ), and leafy chiefly at the summit, rising from long ami s en er 
prostrate or subterranean shoots, which also bear concealed erti e 
flowers; lower leaves small and scale-like, scattered ; the upper 
crowded, ovate, petioled ; flowers 1-3, large, peduncled; w * n S s 
ovate, rather shorter than the conspicuously fringe-crested kee , 
mens 6; caruncle of 2 - 3 awl-shaped lobes longer than the see • 
Woods in light soil. May. — A delicate plant, with large and very 
handsome flowers, long, rose-purple, or rarely pure white. k ' onl 
times called Flowering Wintergreen , but more appropriately Fbis geD 
POLYGALA. 
Order 37. LEGUMIN OSiE. (Pulse Family.) 
Plants with papilionaceous flowers , 10 monadelphous , di 
adelphous , or rarely distinct stamens , and a single sil1l P 
pistil producing a legume in fruit. Leaves alternate, tcl 
stipules , usually compound. —Calyx of 5 sepals, more or 
less united. Corolla of 5 petals, papilionaceous,* or rare!) 
almost symmetrical, inserted into the base of the cal) x ^ 
Stamens inserted with the corolla. Ovary free, Feel e 
(sometimes 2-celled by an infolding of the walls, or divide 
across into joints), with a single lateral placenta : style sim 
pie: ovules amphitropous, or rarely anatropous. See 
without albumen, filled by the embryo. — Leaflets almo 
always entire. Flowers usually perfect. — These a fe 
* The upper, or odd, usually spreading petal is named the standard, 
side ones, wings; the two lower, which commonly cohere by their lGWer = 
form what is called, from their obvious shape, the keel , which usually 
lh« stamens. 
