157 
UMBELLIFERJE. (PARSLEY FAMILY.) 
shaped, covered with little scales or tubercles, without ribs or 
oil-tubes. — Chiefly perennials, with coriaceous, toothed, cut, or 
prickly leaves, and blue or white bracted flowers closely sessile 
in dense heads. (A name used by Dioscorides, of uncertain 
origin.) 
1. E. aquatiCllHl, L. Leaves linear, taper-pointed, grass¬ 
like , nerved , bristly-fringed; leaflets of the involucre mostly entire 
and shorter than the heads. 1J. — Moist barrens, &c., New Jersey 
to Ohio. July. — Stem 2° - 4° high, nearly simple. 
2. E. VirginiaYlUill, Lam. Leaves linear-lanceolate, serrate 
uith hooked or somewhat spiny teeth ; leaflets of the involucre cleft 
or spiny-toothed, longer than the heads. ® — Swamps, New Jersey 
and southward. —Heads cymose at the summit of the simple stem, 
pale blue, or nearly white. Leaves less rigid than in the preceding, 
veined. 
5. DAITCUS, Toum. Carrot. 
Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla irregular. Fruit ovoid or oblong; 
the carpels scarcely flattened on the back, with 5 primary slender 
bristly ribs, two of which are on the inner face, and 4 equal 
more ot less winged secondary ones, each bearing a single row 
of slender bristly prickles : an oil-tube under each of these ribs. 
_Biennials, with finely 2 - 3-pinnate or pinnatifid leaves, cleft 
involucres, and concave umbels, dense in fruit. (The ancient 
Greek name.) 
1. D* Carota, L. (Common Carrot.) Stem bristly; invo¬ 
lucre pinnatifid, nearly the length of the umbel; fruit oblong-oval- — 
Naturalized in fields. July - Sept. — Flowers white or cream-color, 
the central one of each umbellet abortive and dark purple. Umbel 
in fruit resembling a bird’s nest. 
6. POEYTJENIA, DC. Polytasnia. 
Calyx 5-toothed. Fruit oval, very flat, with an entire broad 
and thickened corky margin, very obscurely ribbed on the im¬ 
pressed back: oil-tubes 2 in each interstice, and many also in 
the corky margin. — A smooth herb, resembling a Parsnip, with 
2-pinnate leaves, the uppermost opposite and 3-cleft, no invo¬ 
lucres, bristly involucels, and bright yellow flowers. (Name 
from iro\vs, many, and raiv'ia, a fillet, alluding to the numerous 
vittae or oil-tubes.) 
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