158 TJMBELLIFERiE. (PARSLEY FAMILY.) 
1. P. Nilttallii. DC. — Prairies, Michigan, and southward and 
westward. May. — Stem 2P-3P high. 
7. llERACLEl'M, L. Cow-Parsnip. 
Calyx-teeth minute. Fruit as in Pastinaca, but the oil-tubes 
shorter than the carpels and club-shaped. Petals (white) inverse¬ 
ly heart-shaped, the outer commonly larger and radiant, appearing 
2-cleft. — Stout perennials, with broad sheathing petioles and 
large flat umbels. Involucre deciduous : involucels many-leaved. 
(Dedicated to Hercules.) 
1. H. laii.itiuii, Michx. Woolly; stem grooved; leaves 
1 -2-ternateIy compound; leaflets somewhat heart-shaped; fruit 
nearly orbicular. — Moist ground. June. — A very large strong- 
scented plant, 4° -8° high, in some places wrongly called Mastencort. 
8. pastinAca, Tourn. Parsnip. 
Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit oval, flat, with a thin entire 
winged margin; the carpels minutely 5-ribbed, three of the 
ribs equidistant on the back, the lateral ones distant from them 
and contiguous to the margin : an oil-tube in each interstice 
running the whole length of the fruit. Petals yellow, roundish, 
entire, none radiant. — Chiefly biennials, with spindle-shaped 
roots, and pinnately compound leaves. Involucre and involucels 
small or none. (The Latin name, from pastus, food.) 
1. P. saliva, L. (Common Parsnip.) Stem grooved, smooth ; 
leaflets ovate or oblong, obtuse, cut-toothed, somewhat shining above. 
— Fields, &c., escaped from cultivation, naturalized. July. 
9. ARCHEMORA, DC. COWBANE. 
Calyx 5-toothed. Fruit with a broad winged margin, oval, 
the carpels with 5 obtuse and approximated equidistant ribs on 
the back : oil-tubes one in each interstice, and 4 — 6 on the inner 
— Smooth perennials, with rather rigid leaves of 3 — 9 lan¬ 
ceolate or linear leaflets. Involucre nearly none : involucels of 
numerous small leaflets. Flowers white. (Name applied to this 
poisonous umbelliferous plant in fanciful allusion to Archemorus , 
who is said to have died from eating parsley. DC.) 
1. A. rigida, DC. Leaves simply pinnate; leaflets 3-9, 
varying from lanceolate to ovate-oblong, entire or remotely toothed, 
or, in \ ar. ambigua, linear, long and narrow. — Swamps, N. Jersey 
