161 
TTMBELLIFERiE. (PARSLEY FAMILY.) 
14. THASPIUM, Nutt. Meadow Parsnip. 
Calyx minutely 5-toothed. Fruit elliptical, or ovoid, the cross 
section roundish, not contracted at the sides : the carpels with 5 
equidistant winged ribs: interstices with single oil-tubes. In¬ 
volucre none : involucels few-leaved. — Perennials with 1-3- 
ternately compound leaves, and yellow or dark-purple flowers. 
(Name a play upon that of the allied genus Thapsia , which was 
so called because it was found on the island Thapsus.) 
* Dorsal icings of the fruit often alternately shorter. 
x. X. l>arl>indde, Nutt. Stem tall and branching, downy on 
the joints; leaves 2-3-ternately compound; leaflets wedge-ovate, 
acute, unequally cut-serrate, entire towards the base; flowers yel¬ 
low ; fruit elliptical. — River-banks, \V. New Aork and N. Penns) 
vania, to Wisconsin. June. 
* * Wings of the fruit equal. 
2. T. atireum, Nutt. Stem smooth; leaves ternately, or the 
middle ones 2-ternately divided, with oblong-lanceolate leaflets, 
finely serrate with cartilaginous teeth ; the root-leaves often simp e 
and rounded heart-shaped ; flowers yellow ; fruit oval. (Also n|y r 
nium cord&tum, Walt., c .) — Banks and moist meadows, W. New 
York to Wisconsin. June. — Leaflets very smooth, thickish; the 
larger often heart-shaped, and the upper wedge-shaped at the base. 
3. T. atropurpiireum, Nutt. Smooth or slightly pubes¬ 
cent ; root-leaves simple and heart-shaped, or often like the others 
ternately divided, with the leaflets heart-ovate and oblong-ovate 
crenate-serrate; flowers dark purple ; fruit strongly winged, as broad 
as long. — Rocky hills and woods, S. New York to Penn. June. 
Plant l°-2° high. 
15. ZIZIA, Koch. Golden Alexanders. 
Calyx minutely 5-toothed. Fruit ovate or oval, flattened later¬ 
ally or contracted at the junction of the carpels, so as to appear 
somewhat twin ; each carpel with 5 equal narrow ribs, which are 
not at all winged: oil-tubes 1-3 in each interstice. — Smooth 
yellow-flowered perennials, with the aspect and characters of 
Thaspium, except the fruit. (Named in honor of Zizn , a Ger¬ 
man botanist.) 
* Interstices of the fruit with single oil-tubes. 
1. Z. cordata, Koch. Root-leaves simple, heart-shaped, rarely 
lobed, crenate-serrate ; those of the stem scarcely petioled, 3-divi e , 
the leaflets ovate or oblong, serrate ; fruit short oval. Copses, com 
14* 
