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RUBIACEjE. (madder family.) 
tapering to a slender base; peduncles long and slender. — Grassy 
moist banks, common. May-Sept. — A very delicate little herb, 
3' -5' high, producing in spring a profusion of handsome bright blue 
blossoms fading to white, with a yellow eye. 
Suborder III. LOGANIE^E. 
6. SPIGELIA, L. Pink-root. Worm-grass. 
Calyx 5-parted, persistent; the lobes slender. Corolla lubular- 
funnel-form, 5-lobed at the summit, valvate in the bud. Stamens 
5 : anthers linear. Style slender, hairy above, jointed near the 
middle. Pod short, twin, flattened, separating at maturity from 
the base into 2 carpels, which open loculicidally, few-seeded.— 
Chiefly herbs, with the opposite leaves united by means of the 
stipules, and the flowers in spikes or 1-sided cymes. (Named in 
honor of Prof. Spigelius , who wrote on botany at the beginning 
of the 17th century.) 
1. S. UlariUilidica, L. Stems upright, simple; leaves ses¬ 
sile, ovate-lanceolate, acute or pointed, roughish-liairy on the mar¬ 
gin and ribs; spike 3-8-flowered; tube of the corolla 4 times the 
length of the calyx, the lobes lanceolate ; anthers and style exserted. 
)J. —Rich woods, Pennsylvania to Wisconsin and southward. June, 
July. —Stems 6'-15'high : corolla 1^'long, red or scarlet outside, 
yellowish within. — A well-known officinal anthelmintic, and a 
showy plant. 
Order 54. VAEERIANACEJE. (Valerian Family.) 
Herbs , with opposite leaves and no stipules; the calyx-tube 
coherent with the ovary , which has one fertile 1 -ovuled cell 
and 2 abortive or empty ones ,* the stamens distinct , 2 — 3, 
fewer than the lobes of the corolla , and inserted on its tube. 
— Corolla tubular or funnel-form, often irregular, mostly 
5-lobed, the lobes imbricated in the bud. Style slender: 
stigmas 1-3. Fruit indehiscent, 1-celled (the two empty 
cells of the ovary disappearing), or 3-celled, two of them 
empty, the other 1-seeded. Seed suspended, anatropous, 
with a large embryo and no albumen. — Flowers in panicled 
or clustered cymes. 
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