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VALERI AN ACE^:. ( VALERIAN FAMILY.) 
1. VALERIANA, Tourn. Valerian. 
Limb of the calyx of several plumose bristles (like a pappus) 
which are rolled up inwards in flower, and unrolling and spreading 
on the seed-like 1-celled fruit. Corolla gibbous at the base, the 
5-lobed limb nearly regular. Stamens 3. — Perennial herbs, with 
deep and thickened strong-scented roots, and simple or pinnate 
leaves. (]\ame from valere , to have efficacy, alluding to the me¬ 
dicinal qualities.) 
* Root fibrous: leaves thin. 
^pauciflora, Michx. Smooth, slender; root-leaves ovatc^ 
heart-shaped , toothed , pointed, sometimes with 2 small lateral divis¬ 
ions, stem-leaves pinnate, with 3-7 ovate mostly toothed leaflets; 
panicled cymes few-flowered; tube of the (pale pink) corolla long 
and slender, fruit ribbed with 3 close lines on one side, and 3 distant 
ones on the other. — Woodlands, Ohio and southward. June. 
®y^ v atica, Richards. Smooth or minutely pubescent; 
root-leaves ovate or oblong , entire , rarely with 2 small lobes; stem- 
eaves pinnate, with 5-11 oblong-ovate or lanceolate nearly entire 
ea ets , cyme at first close, many-flowered ; corolla inversely conical 
rose co or), fruit 3-nerved on one side, 1-nerved on the other.— 
edar swamps, W. Vermont and New York to Michigan, northward. 
June. — Plant 2° - 3° high. 
r» v s pi n( tt e ~ s h a ped, large and deep : leaves thickish. 
, * Torr. &. Gr. Stem very smooth, wand-like ; 
eaves rather fleshy, densely woolly-ciliate (when young sometimes 
i t e ^ °w n y all over); those from the root lanceolate or spatu- 
of the 8 ^ eat ^ n S base, entire, sometimes pinnatifid ; those 
linear- 2 pairs) sessile, pinnately 3- 9-parted ; the divisions 
short firreeri' 0 ^ ^ ^ e * on 8 ate d compound panicle; corolla very 
other. -sr"' Wb,te J ) ; ftUit ono s.de, libbed on tb. 
June — Root fi? 8 Z m °^ St prairies » Ohio to Wisconsin, northward. 
fcpWlSr*'""’- "W- Flower. polygflio ou *> 
^ A (Valeri ani£lla.) Cork-Salad. 
reeuW °* th<3 CalyX t00thed or obsolete. CoroUa somewhat 
funnel-fonQ 11 T SpeCles re ® ular or nearly so, and equally 5 -lobed, 
and sometimes ctT* 3 ' FrUit 3 ‘ Celled > tW ° ° f th ® CeUS 
and biennials, with fork* “““ 0 " e ’ th ® ° ther 1 - seeded ' _ Aw,Uab 
aile leaves, entire or tootheT^’ ^ “ d ~ 
clustered-cymose'smalTir ^ baS ®’ and whit ® “ 
flowers, somewhat involucrate with bracts 
