COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 
191 
1. s. verticillata, Cass. (Sparganophorus, Michx .)— Pine 
barrens, New Jersey and southward. Aug. 
4. LIATBIS, Schreb. Button Snake-root. 
Head several-many-flowered. Scales of the involucre imbri¬ 
cated, appressed. Receptacle naked. Corolla 5-lobed, the lobes 
slender. Achenia slender, tapering to the base, about 10-ribbed. 
Pappus of 15-40 capillary bristles, which are manifestly plumose, 
or only barbellate. — Perennial herbs, chiefly with simple wand¬ 
like stems rising from a round or oblong tuber, with many nar¬ 
row and rigid alternate entire leaves, and the heads of handsome 
rose-purple flowers disposed in an elongated spike or raceme; 
often resinous-dotted. (Derivation unknown.) 
* Pappus very plumose: corolla hairy within : heads many-flowered. 
1. i,. squarrdsa, Willd. (Blazing Star, &c.) Often hairy; 
leaves linear, elongated; heads few; scales of the involucre numer¬ 
ous, with elongated and leaf-like spreading tips, or the innermost 
merely pointed. — Dry soil, Pennsylvania and westward. Aug. — 
Stem l°-3° high. 
2. 1 cylindracea, Michx. Commonly smooth ; leaves lin¬ 
ear ; heads few (1-9), cylindrical-club-shaped ; scales of the involucre 
all with short and rounded appressed tips. —Dry open places, Niagara 
Falls, Michigan, and Wisconsin. Aug. — Stem &- 18' high. (L. 
flexuosa, Thomas.) 
* * Pappus merely barbellate (not evidently plumose to the naked eye) : 
corolla smooth inside. 
3. Tj. scaridsa, Willd. Stem stout, pubescent, or hoary; 
leaves (smooth, rough, or pubescent) lanceolate; the lowest oblong- 
lanceolate or obovate-oblong , tapering into a petiole; heads few or 
many, large, 30 - 40-flowered ; scales of the someichat spherical involu¬ 
cre obovate or spatulate , with dry and scarious often colored tips or mar¬ 
gins .— Dry sandy soil, N. England to Wisconsin. Sept. — Plant 2° 
-5° high : heads V broad. 
4. L. spfcata, Willd. Smooth or somewhat hairy; stems 
wand-like, very leafy; leaves linear, the lower 3-5-nerved; heads 
densely crowded in a long spike, 8- 12-flowered ; scales of the cyhn- 
drical-bell-shaped involucre oblong or oval, obtuse, oppressed, with slight 
scarious (purplish) margins; achenia pubescent or — Mmst 
grounds, S. New York to Michigan. Aug. — Stem 2°-5 high, most¬ 
ly stout. Involucre somewhat resinous. 
5. L. graminifolia, Willd. Hairy or smoothish; stem 
wand-like, slender, leafy; leaves linear, elongated, 1-nerve , - 
several or numerous, in a spike or raceme ; 7 - 12-flowere , sc 
