207 
COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 
1-nerved or keeled, destitute of herbaceous tips. Receptacle flat, 
alveolate. Achenia flattish. Pappus double ; the outer of very 
short and small stiff bristles, the inner of capillary bristles as long 
as the disk-corolla. — Perennials with corymbose or simple heads. 
(Name composed of bnr\6os, double , and namros, pappus , the 
character which distinguishes the genus from Aster.) 
§ 1. Ianthe, Torr. & Gr. — Ratjs violet , shoicy: involucre much im- 
bricated : achenia silky : bristles of the inner pappus all alike. 
1. I>. linariifolillS, Hook. (Violet Diplopappus.) Stems 
low (8'-20' high), several from the same woody root, very leafy; 
leaves rigid, spreading, linear, strongly 1-nerved, smooth, with very 
rough margins; heads terminating the simple somewhat hoary 
branches. — Dry soil, common. Sept. — Heads large for the size of 
the plant, with long showy rays. 
§ 2. Triplopappus, Torr. & Gr. — Rays white: involucre shorter 
than the disk, imbricated in about 3 rows: achenia smoothish: bristles 
of the inner pappus unequal , some of them thickened at the tip: 
leaves large, scattered , membranaceous, veiny, entire: heads in com¬ 
pound fiat corymbs. 
2. I>. umbellatiis, Torr. & Gr. (Large Diplopappus.) 
Smooth, leafy to the top, leaves lanceolate , elongated , taper-pointed and 
tapering at the base; heads very numerous ; scales of the involucre 
rather closely imbricated, obtusish. — Moist thickets, common, espe¬ 
cially northward. Aug ; — Stem 2°-6° high, bushy at the top. Leaves 
3'-6' long. 
3. D. amygdalinus, Torr. & Gr. (Almond-leaved Di¬ 
plopappus.) Smooth or roughisli above, leafy ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, 
acute , abruptly narrowed at the base ; heads numerous, scales of the 
involucre loosely imbricated, obtuse. — Low grounds, New Jersey 
and southward. Aug. — Near the last, usually lower, rougher, and 
with broader and shorter leaves. 
4. I>. cornifolius, Dari. (Cornel-leaved Diplopappus.) 
Stem low, pubescent and loosely panicled at the summit, bearing few 
heads on divergent peduncles ; leaves elliptical or ovate-lanceolate, con¬ 
spicuously pointed at both ends, ciliate, hairy on the veins un er 
neath.— Copses, Massachusetts to Penn, and southward. July- 
Sept. — Stem 1°-2P high. 
17 , BOLTOKIA, L’Her. Boltonia. 
Heads many-flowered, the rays numerous, pistillate. Scales of 
the hemispherical involucre imbricated somewhat in 2 rows, ap 
pressed, with narrow membranaceous margins. Receptacle con 
