212 COMPOSITE. (composite family.) 
16. S* SCmpervireilS, L. (Sea-side Golden-rod.) Smooth 
and stout; leaves fleshy, lanceolate, slightly clasping, or the lower 
lanceolate-oblong, obscurely triple-nerved; racemes short, in an open 
or contracted panicle. — Varies, in less brackish swamps, with thinner 
and elongated linear-lanceolate leaves, tapering to each end, with 
more erect racemes in a narrower panicle. — Salt marshes, or rocks 
on the shore, Maine to Penn, and southward. — Stem stout, l°-tP 
high. Heads showy : the golden rays 8 -10. 
Leaves usually ample , serrate , loosely feather-veined , or rarely 
slightly triple-nerved : heads middle-sized. 
17. S. elliptica, Ait. (Elliptic-leaved Golden-rod.) Smooth; 
stem stout; very leafy; leaves elliptical or oblong-lanceolate , acute, 
closely sessile, slightly serrate, strongly veined, thick, smooth both 
sides , shining above; heads in dense spreading racemes which are 
crowded in a close pyramidal panicle ; peduncles and achenia strigose- 
pubescent. — Swamps (fresh or brackish), New Jersey, Carey. Rhode 
Island, Olney. Sept. - Oct. — Stem 1° - 2P high: leaves 2 1 - 3 r long. 
Heads showy, 3^ long, the rays 8 -12. 
18. S. neglecta, Torr. & Gray. (Smooth Golden-rod.) 
Smooth ; stem stout; leaves thickish , smooth both sides , opaque ; the up¬ 
per oblong-lanceolate , mostly acute and nearly entire ; the lower ovate- 
lanceolate or oblong , sharply serrate, tapering into a petiole ; racemes 
short and dense , at length spreading , disposed in an elongated or py* 
ramidal close panicle; peduncles and achenia nearly glabrous. — 
Swamps, Maine to Penn, and Wisconsin. — Stem 2°-3? high; the 
lower leaves 5 ; - 7 1 long. Heads rather large, crowded ; the racemes 
at first erect and scarcely one-sided. 
19. S. pdtula, Muhl. (Shagreen-leaved Golden-rod.) 
Stem strongly angled , smooth; leaves (large) ovate , acute, serrate, 
pale, very smooth and veiny underneath , but the upper surface very 
rough; racemes rather short and numerous, on the spreading branch¬ 
es. — Swamps, common. — Stem 3P-5 0 high ; the lead-colored leaves 
often &-Q 1 long, the upper surface remarkably rough, like shagreen. 
20. S. arguta, Ait. (Sharp-toothed Golden-rod.) Smooth 
throughout; radical and loicer stem-leaves elliptical or lanceolate-oval, 
sharply serrate with spreading teeth, pointed , tapering into winged 
and ciliate petioles; the others lanceolate or oblong , slightly triple- 
nerved, tapering to each end, the uppermost entire; racemes dense , 
naked, at length elongated and recurved, forming a crowded and fl 0 * 
corymb-like panicle ; rays 8 -12, small. —Var. 1. jAncea has all the 
leaves narrower and less serrate, or all the upper entire. — Var. *2. 
scabrella is somewhat roughish-pubescent (Wisconsin, &e*)* 
Copses and banks, common, especially the 1st variety. — Well distin¬ 
guished by its long or drooping racemes, and the closely appressed 
rigid scales of the involucre, small rays, &c. 
