214 composite, (composite family.) 
to Penn, chiefly eastward. — The crushed leaves yield a pleasant 
anisate odor. 
**”'“ ■*“■*“ *■ Leaves grayish or hoary , thickish, feather-veined and slightly 
triple-nerved: heads middle-sized. 
27. S. lie Ill oral is. Ait. (Gray Golden-rod.) Clothed with 
a minute and close grayish-hoary pubescence; stem simple or corymbed 
at the summit; leaves oblanceolate or spatulate-oblong, the lower 
somewhat crenate-toothed and tapering into a petiole; racemes nu¬ 
merous, dense, at length recurved, forming a crowded compound ra¬ 
ceme or panicle which is usually turned to one side ; scales of the 
involucre linear-oblong, appressed; rays 6-9. — Dry sterile fields, 
very common. — Plant 8 ; — 20 1 high, with the panicle usually large in 
proportion. 
* * * * * Heads in one-sided spreading or recurved racemes , forming 
an ample panicle : heads small: scales of the involucre thin and nar¬ 
row : leaves 3-ribbed. 
28. S. Canadensis, L. (Common 3-ribbed Golden-rod.) 
Stem tall and stout (3° — 0° high), rough-hairy; leaves lanceolate, 
pointed, sharply serrate (sometimes almost entire), more or less pubes¬ 
cent beneath and rough above ; heads small; rays very short. — Borders 
of thickets and fields, very common. — Varies greatly in the rough¬ 
ness and hairiness of the stem and leaves, the latter oblong-lanceo¬ 
late or elongated linear-lanceolate ; in var. procera, whitish woolly 
underneath, and in var. scabra also very rough above, often entire, 
and rugose-veined. 
29. S* serotina, Ait. (Late 3-ribbed Golden-rod.) St m 
very smooth , tall and stout (4° -8° high), often glaucous; leaves lanceo¬ 
late, pointed, serrate, roughish above , smooth except the veins under¬ 
neath which are more or less hairy ; rays short. — Thickets and low 
grounds, common. Intermediate in character, and in the size of the 
heads and rays, between the last and the next. 
30. S. grigiintea. Ait. (Smooth 3-ribbed Golden-rod.) 
Stem stout (3^ - 7° high), smooth , often glaucous ; leaves quite smooth 
both sides , lanceolate, taper-pointed, very sharply serrate, except the 
narrowed base, rough-ciliate; the ample panicle pubescent; rays rath¬ 
er long. — Copses and fence-rows, common; presenting many vari¬ 
eties, with decidedly larger heads and rays than in the two preceding. 
§ 4. EuthAmia, Nutt.— Corymbosely much branched: heads small , 
sessile in little clusters which are crowded in flat-topped corymbs: the 
closely appressed scales of the involucre somewhat glutinous: recep¬ 
tacle fimbrillate: rays 15-20, short, more numerous than the disk- 
flowers : leaves narrow , entire , sessile , crowded. 
31. s. lanceolata, L. (Bushy Golden-rod.) Leaves lan¬ 
ceolate-linear , 3-5 -nerved, the nerves, margins, and angles of the 
