220 
COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 
slightly notched and 2-toothed. — Var. pinnatifidum has the leaves 
deeply cut or pinnatifid, but varies into the ordinary form. — Prairies 
and oak-openings, Ohio and Michigan, thence southward. July- 
Sept. —Stem slender, 4°-10° high; the thick root-leaves 1°-2° long, 
and on long petioles. 
« * Stem terete or slightly i-aneled, leafy: hares undivided. 
"■ S * * r *foliatum, L. (Whorled Rosin-plant.) Stem tall 
an rat ler slender (4°-6° high), smooth, often glaucous, branched 
a >ove, stem -leaves lanceolate, pointed , entire or scarcely serrate, rough, 
5 ort petio ed, in whorls of 3 or 4, the uppermost opposite; heads 
oose y panic led, involucre smooth ; achenia rather broadly winged 
and sharply 2-toothed at the top. —Dry plains and banks, W. New 
or an enn. to Wisconsin and southward. Aug. 
4. S. iiltegrilolium, Michx. (Entire-leaved Rosin-plant.) 
tem rat ler stout (2°-4° high), rigid, 4-angular and grooved, rough, 
near y simp e , leaves all opposite , rigid , lanceolate-ovate , entire, taper- 
n rt to a s larp point from a roundish heart-shaped and partly clasping 
ase, roug -pubescent or nearly smooth; heads in a close forking cor¬ 
nu! ' S ° r * scales of the involucre rough and rigid, the 
t ^ aC en * a broadI y winged and deeply notched. — Var. 
w aS e . Stem and leaves smooth or nearly so. — Prairies, Michi- 
ga , isconsm, and southward. Aug. — Leaves thick, V- 5' long. 
* * *. $ lem S( P*are: leaves opposite , connate. 
per oliatum, L. (Cup-plant.) Stem stout, often 
5. S, 
bran h A k “ ^up-plant.) Stem stout, onen 
thnirV e a ° V J ’ leaves ovate » coarsely toothed, the upper united by 
, a8€S an . f° rr ning a cup-shaped disk, the lower abruptly nar- 
corv ,nt0 w mged petioles which are connate by their bases; heads 
rym ose , achenia winged and variously notched. —Rich soil along 
■eaveT^t’fut bug.’ a " d S ° U,hWard ' ^ “ St6m 4 ° ' ,J ’ high 1 
^ y w at a t 
* Marsh Elder. Highwater-shrub. 
ads several-flowered, not radiate ; the fertile and sterile flovv- 
in t e same heads, the former few (1 -5) and marginal, with a 
tu ular corolla , the latter with a funnel-forra 5-toothed co- 
. H * ^ Ca ^ es involucre few, generally in one row, round- 
eceptacle small, with narrow chaff* among the flowers, 
h 0b ° VOid or fonticular. Pappus none. — Herbaceous or 
s ru y maritime or saline plants, with thickish leaves, the lower 
pp te, and small greenish-white heads on short recurved pedun- 
6 axd s of the leaves or of bracts. (Derivation unknow n.) 
Shrubby at the base, branching, nearly 
, eaves oval or lanceolate, coarsely and sharply toothed, the 
