247 
COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 
ing one or more yellow heads. (Name from \ecov, a lion , and obovs, 
a tooth , in allusion to the toothed margins of the leaves.) — The 
following belongs to the subgenus Oporinia, which has a tawny 
white pappus of a single row of equal bristles. 
1. L.. autumnale, L. (Autumnal False Dandelion.) 
Leaves more or less pinnatifid; scape branched; peduncles several, 
thickened at the summit and furnished with small scaly bracts; invo¬ 
lucre obovoid-oblong. (Apargia, Willd.) — Meadows and road-sides, 
thoroughly naturalized in E. New England. Aug.-Oct. 
63. HIERXCIUUI, Tourn. Hawkweed. 
Heads many-flowered. Involucre more or less imbricated. 
Achenia oblong or columnar, striate, not beaked. Pappus a sin¬ 
gle row of tawny fragile capillary bristles. — Perennial herbs, 
with entire or toothed leaves, and single or panicled heads of yel¬ 
low flowers. (Name from iepa£, a hawk.) 
* Heads large and broad: achenia tapering towards the base. 
1. H. Canadense, Michx. (Canada Hawkweed.) Stems 
simple, leafy, corymbed at the summit; leaves sessile, lanceolate or 
ovate-oblong, acute, remotely and very coarsely toothed, somewhat 
hairy, the uppermost slightly clasping; scales of the imbricated invo¬ 
lucre awl-shaped. (H. Kdlmii, Spreng ., &c., not of Linn.) — Dry 
woods, Massachusetts to Michigan, chiefly northward. Aug. — Plant 
1°-2P high, stout; the leaves variable in breadth. 
* * Heads small: involucre cylindrical , scarcely imbricated: achenia 
columnar or spindle-shaped. 
2. H. scabnim, Michx. (Rough Hawkweed.) Stem rath¬ 
er stout (1°-3° high) leafy, rough-hairy; the stiff flexuous panicle at 
first racemose, at length rather corymbose; the thickish peduncles and 
the hoary 40 - 50-flowered involucre densely clothed with glandular 
bristles ; achenia columnar , not tapering at the summit; leaves obovate 
or oval, nearly entire, hairy. — Dry open woods, common, especially 
northward. Aug. 
3. II. longipilum, Torr. (Long-bearded Hawkweed.) 
Stem wand-like, simple, stout (2P-3° high), very leafy towards the 
base , naked above , and bearing a small racemed panicle; the lower 
portion and both sides of the oblong-lanceolate or spatulate entire 
leaves thickly clothed with very long and upright bristles; peduncles 
with the 20 - 30-flowered involucre glandular-bristly; achenia spindle- 
shaped , narrowed at the apex. — Prairies and copses, Michigan and 
westward. Aug. — Heads intermediate between the last and tne 
next. Bristles straight and even, as if combed, often F long . 
4. H. Qronovii, L. (Hairy Hawkweed.) Stem wand-like, 
