256 CAMPANULACE2E. (CAMPANULA FAMILY.) 
* * Flowers in a prolonged leafy spike. 
3. C. Americana, L. (Tall Bell-flower.) Stem tall 
and wand-like, nearly simple; leaves ovate-lanceolate, taper-pointed 
at both ends, serrate, sparingly hairy, thin; the lowest somewhat 
heart-shaped ; flowers solitary or several in the axils of the upper 
leaves or bracts, forming a wand-like spike (often 2° long); lobes of 
the calyx awl-shaped, shorter than the almost wheel-shaped deeply 
5-cleft (blue) corolla. — Moist alluvial soil, New York and Penn, to 
Wisconsin, common westward. July. — Stem 3?-6° high, sometimes 
dwarf in dry soil. Flowers rather large. 
2* SPECULABIA, Heist. Venus’s Looking-glass. 
Calyx 5-(rarely 3-4-) lobed. Corolla wheel-shaped, 5-lobed. 
Stamens 5, separate ; the membranaceous hairy filaments shorter 
than the anthers. Stigmas 3. Pod prismatic or inversely coni¬ 
cal, 3-celled, opening by 3 small lateral valves. — Low annuals, 
with sessile axillary flowers ; the lower ones (in § Triodallus, 
Raf.) fruiting early in the bud, without expanding their imperfect 
corolla. (Name from Speculum Veneris , the early name of the 
common European species.) 
1- S. perfoliata, A. DC. (Clasping Specularia.) Some¬ 
what hairy ; leaves roundish or ovate, clasping by the heart-shaped 
base, toothed; flowers solitary or three together in the axils; the up¬ 
per and later ones only with a conspicuous expanding (purple-blue) 
corolla ; pod oblong-top-shaped, opening rather below the middle. — 
Dry hills or open fields, common. May - Aug. 
Order 59. ERICACEAE. (Heath Family.) 
Shrubs , sometimes herbs , with the Jlowers regular or near - 
ly so . the stamens as many or tioice as many as the 4 — 5- 
lobed or 4-5-petalled corolla and inserted with it: anthers 
2-celled, mostly appendaged or opening by terminal chinks 
or pores: style 1; and the ovary 4-10-celled. (Seeds 
anatropous, albuminous.) — Consists of four well-marked 
suborders, as follows. 
Synopsis. 
Suborder I. VACCINlEiE. The Whortleberry Fam. 
Calyx-tube adherent to the ovary, which forms an edible berry or 
berry-like fruit, crowned with the calyx-teeth. — Shrubs or somewhat 
woody plants. 
