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SCROPHTJLARIACEiE. (FIGWORT FAMILY.) 
18. GERARDIA, L. Gerardia. 
Calyx bell-shaped, 5-toothed or 5-cleft. Corolla hell-shaped- 
funnel-form, or somewhat tubular, swelling above, with 5 more or 
less unequal spreading lobes, the 2 upper usually rather smaller 
and more united. Stamens 4, strongly didynamous, included, 
hairy : anthers approaching by pairs, 2-celled ; the cells parallel, 
often pointed at the base. Style elongated, mostly enlarged and 
flattened at the apex. Pod ovate, pointed, many-seeded. Erect 
branching herbs, with the stem-leaves opposite, or the upper often 
alternate, the uppermost reduced to bracts and subtending 1-flow¬ 
ered peduncles, which often form a raceme or spike. Flowers 
showy, purple or yellow. (Dedicated to the early English bota¬ 
nist Gerard.) 
§ 1. Gerardia proper. — Calyx-teeth short ; corolla purple or rose- 
color : anthers all alike, nearly or quite pointless : leaves linear, en 
tire. {Ours are annuals.) 
1. G. purpurea, L. (Purple Gerardia.) Upright, wit 
long and rigid widely spreading branches; leaves linear, acute, rovg 
margined ; flowers large (F long) ; peduncles shorter than the calyx, 
which has sharp-pointed teeth shorter than the tube. — Low groun 
chiefly towards the coast, but occasionally in the interior. Aug.— 
Stem l°-2° high, smooth or roughish ; the bright purple corolla very 
showy, smooth or minutely downy. — G. aspera, Dougl., a close y 
allied species, with longer peduncles and calyx-teeth, may be expect 
ed in Wisconsin and Michigan. 
2. G. maritlma, Raf. (Sea-side Gerardia.) Low, breach 
ed from the base, upright ; leaves linear, mostly obtuse, fleshy , thefl° ra 
minute; peduncles about the length of the calyx, which has very s r 
obtuse teeth. — Salt marshes along the coast. Aug — Plant 4' - 
high : the flowers half as large as in the last. 
3. G. tenilifolia, Vahi. (Slender Gerardia.) Much 
branched, very slender, diffuse, nearly smooth ; leaves linear, acute, 
the floral mostly like the others; peduncles thread-form , rather longer 
than the leaves and many times exceeding the calyx , which has ver) 
short acute teeth; corolla rather small (£'long, pale purple)-•— 
Dry woods, common. Aug. — Plant 8'-20' high: leaves variable. 
§ 2. Dasystoma, Raf. — Calyx 6-cleft, the lobes often toothed : corolla 
yellow ; the tube elongated , tcoolly inside, as well as the anthers an 
filaments: anthers all alike, scarcely included , the cells awn-pointtrt 
at the base : leaves rather large, all of them or the lower pinnatifid 
or toothed. {Perennial.) 
4. G. Hava, L. partly. (Downy False Foxglove.) 
