487 
SMILACE2E. (SMILAX FAMILY.) 
2 . TRIIjIjIUlfr, L. Three-leaved Nightshade. 
Flower perfect. Sepals 3, lanceolate, spreading, herbaceous, 
persistent. Petals 3, larger, withering in age. Stamens 6 : an¬ 
thers linear, adnate, on short filaments. Styles (or rather stig¬ 
mas) awl-shaped or slender, spreading or recurved above, persist¬ 
ent, stigmatic down the inner side. Berry 3-sided, ovate, 3-celled 
(purple). Seeds horizontal, several in each cell. —Low peren¬ 
nial herbs, with a stout simple stem rising from a short and abrupt 
tuberous rootstock, bearing at the summit a whorl of 3 ample 
broadly ovate leaves, and a terminal large flower. (Name from 
trilix , triple; all the parts being in threes.) 
* Flower peduncled , recurved under the leaves. 
1. T. Ceriumm, L. (Nodding Trillium. Wake-Robin.) 
Leaves broadly rhomboid, pointed, nearly sessile; petals white, oblong- 
ovate, pointed , recurved , a little wavy, rather longer than the sepafs. 
Moist woods, New England to Penn., common eastward and south¬ 
ward. May, June. — Petals f' long. 
* * Flower on an upright or reclining peduncle. 
— Leaves sessile. 
><2. T. erectum, L. (Purple Trillium. Birth-root.) Leaves 
broadly rhomboid, abruptly sharp-pointed; petals dark dull purple , 
ovate, somewhat pointed , flat, spreading, slightly longer than the se¬ 
pals.— Var.? album (T. pendulum, Willd. Hort. Ber.) is smaller, 
with the petals greenish-white, or rarely yellowish. —Rich woods, 
common, especially westward. May. — Peduncle soon reclining, 2' 
long. Ovary brown-purple. Petals 1'-long. 
3. T. grrandiflorum, Salisb. (Large White Trillium.) 
Leaves obovate-rhomboid, pointed, barely sessile ; petals obovate , 
spreading from an erect base, longer and much broader than the se¬ 
pals, lohite, changing with age to rose-color. — Rich woods, Vermont 
to Wisconsin. June. —Flower on a peduncle 2'-3' long, very band- 
some : petals long. 
•*- *♦- Leaves petioled, rounded at the base. 
4- T, nivale, Riddell. (Dwarf White Trillium.) Small 
(2'-3'high); leaves oval or ovate, obtuse; petals oval-lanceolate, ob¬ 
tuse, rather wavy, white, as long as the peduncle, longer than the se¬ 
pals — Rich woods, Ohio to Wisconsin. April. — Leaves V-2 f , and 
petals 1', long. Styles long and thread-like. 
r ® ,# erythrocarpum, Michx. (Painted Trillium.) 
Leaves ovate , taper-pointed; petals ovate or oval-lanceolate, pointed , 
wavy, widely spreading, white painted with purple stripes at the base , 
almost twice the length of the sepals, shorter than the peduncle. (T. 
