491 
LILIACE2E. (LILY FAMILY.) 
§ 1. Smilacina, Desf. — Divisions of the perianth and stamens 6. 
1. S. raceinbsa, Desf. (False Spikenard.) Minutely 
downy ; leaves numerous , oblong or oval-lanceolate, taper-pointed, 
ciliate, abruptly short-petioled ; raceme compound , panicled ; ovary 3- 
celled. — Moist copses. June. — Stem 2° high from a thickish root- 
stock, zigzag. Berries pale red, speckled with purple, aromatic. 
2. §• Stcllata, Desf. (Star-flowered Solomon’s Seal.) 
Smooth or nearly so; leaves 7-11, oblong-lanceolate, acute, minutely 
ciliate, slightly clasping , thickish; raceme simple , few-flowered; ovary 
2-celled. — Moist banks, common northward. May, June. — About 
1° high. Berries blackish. 
3. S. trifolia, Desf. (Three-leaved Solomon’s Seal.) 
Smooth, dwarf; leaves 3, sometimes 2 or 4, oblong or oval-lanceolate, 
short-pointed, narrowed into a sheathing base; raceme simple; ovary 
2-3-celled.— Cold bogs, from Massachusetts (Fresh Pond, Cam¬ 
bridge) and W. New York northward. May. — Stem 3'-6* high. 
Anthers brownish. Berries red. 
§ 2. Maianthemum, Desf — Divisions of the perianth and stamens 4. 
4. S. bifolia, Ker. (Two-leaved Solomon’s Seal.) Smooth 
or nearly so; stems low (3'-5' high), mostly 2-leaved; leaves heart- 
shaped, petioled or sessile ; raceme simple, crowded. (S. Canaden¬ 
sis, Pursh .)—Moist woods, common. May. — The American plant 
has less petioled leaves and larger flowers than the European. Ber¬ 
ries reddish, speckled. 
4. cl.int6nia, Raf. Clintonia. 
Perianth of 6 separate sepals, bell-shaped, lily-like, deciduous ; 
the 6 stamens inserted at their base. Filaments long and thread¬ 
like : anthers linear-oblong. Ovary ovoid-oblong, 2-celled : ovules 
anatropous : style long, columnar-thread-like : stigma depressed. 
Berry ovoid, blue, few - many-seeded. — Stemless perennials, 
with slender creeping rootstocks, producing a naked scape sheath¬ 
ed at the base by 2 - 4 large oblong or oval ciliate leaves. Flow¬ 
ers rather large, umbelled, rarely single, somewhat downy out¬ 
side. (Dedicated to De Witt Clinton.) 
1. c. borealis, Raf. Umbel few- (2-7-) flowered; ovary with 
10 or 12 ovules in each cell. (Dracaena borealis, Ait.) — Cold moist 
woods, Massachusetts to Wisconsin, common northward. June.— 
Scape and leaves 5*-8' long. Perianth over long, greenish-yellow. 
2. C. umbel I st ta, Torr. Umbel many - (12- 30-) flowered; 
cells of the ovary 2-ovuled. (C. multiflbra, Beck . Convallaria um- 
bellulata, Michz.) — Rich woods, S. W. New York, through the Alle- 
