506 
JUNCACEiE. (RUSH FAMILY.) 
outer sharp-pointed, as long as the elliptical rather triangular pod. 
— Sandy shores of New England and the Great Lakes. July.— 
Rootstocks strong, extensively creeping. 
* * Scapes, «^c., as in the preceding , but some of the sheaths at the base 
leaf-bearing ; the leaves terete , knotless , like the continuation of the 
scape above the panicle : stamens 6. 
4. J. setaCCUS, Rostk. Scape slender (2°-3?high); panicle 
loose , rather simple , turning light chestnut-color; sepals lanceolate, 
sharp-pointed, especially the 3 exterior, longer than the obovate mu- 
cronate-pointed pod. —Penn, and southward. June. 
5. J. marltimilS, Lam. (Southern Black Rush.) Scape 
stout and rigid (2° -5° high), the apex pungent; panicle compound , 
erect, loose ; the flowers clustered in small heads j sepals lanceolate, 
the outer acute, as long as the elliptical short-pointed pod. (J. acutus, 
Muhl ., &c.) — Brackish marshes, New Jersey ( Pursh ) : not rare far¬ 
ther southward. 
* * * Stems leaf-bearing: leaves terete, or flattened laterally (equitant), 
knotted by cross partitions internally: cyme or panicle terminal: 
flowers in heads or small clusters (very liakle to a monstrosity , as if 
viviparous , from the bite of insects ) : pod more or less 1-celled. 
■*- Stamens 3. 
6. J. scirpoides, Lam. Stem stout (1°-3° high) and terete, 
as are the leaves; panicle rather simple , bearing several (5 - 18) pale 
green densely many-flowered spherical heads ; sepals rigid, awl-shaped 
and bristly-pointed , especially the outer, as long as the oblong triangu¬ 
lar taper-pointed pod; seeds barely pointed at each end, tailless. (J- 
polycfcphalus, Michx. (excl. var. a ?). J. echin&tus, Muhl. J. noddsus, 
var. multiflorus, Torr.) — Wet borders of streams, &c., New England 
to Michigan and southward, rather common. July, Aug.—Rootstock 
thickish, creeping. Remarkable for its burr-like green heads, usually 
in diameter. 
7. J. paradtixus, E. Meyer. Stem rather stout (l°-~£ 
high), terete; leaves terete or somewhat flattened; panicle decom¬ 
pound ; the numerous greenish heads globular, many - (8-15 -) flower¬ 
ed; sepals lanceolate, somewhat awl-pointed, rigid, shorter than the 
oblong-triangular abruptly short-pointed pod ; seeds conspicuously tai- 
ed at both ends! (J. polycephalus, Darlingt ., Torr. FI. A- E- * 
var. 3, & syn. J. frat^rnus, Kunth . J. sylvdticus, Pursh.) ^ 
places, common. July, Aug. — Heads less dense, fewer-flowere » 
and sometimes smaller than in the foregoing. Remarkable for t e 
loose white seed-coat prolonged at both ends into a tail longer than 
the oblong body of the seed. 
8. J. debilis. Stems weak and slender (1° -2P long) 5 flat tene( ^ 
as are the slender leaves; panicle decompound , loose , widely spre 
