55S 
CYPERACEjE. (sedge family.) 
88. C. scabrata, Schw. Fertile spikes 4-5, cylindrical, 
erect, rather distant, densely flowered, the lower on long stalks; brads 
k without sheaths , exceeding the culm; perigynia ovoid, contracted at 
the has e, prominently few-nervcd, rough, spreading at maturity, with 
an obliquely notched beak, longer than the ovate slightly ciliate 
brown scale; culm, leaves, and bracts very rough. — Wet meadows 
and swamps, New England to Michigan. 
89. C. Sullivuntii, Boott. Fertile spikes 3-5, commonly 4, 
narrowly cylindrical, erect, loosely flowered, the upper - approximate, 
the lowest often remote, tapering towards the base and slightly com¬ 
pound, all on rough stalks ; bracts sheathing, not exceeding the hairy 
culm ; perigynia elliptical, hairy, slightly stalked, with an entire or 
notched orifice, a little longer than the ovate, liairy-fringed, rough- 
aicned, white scale. — Woods, Columbus, Ohio, Sullivant. — About 
2° high, with hairy leaves and bracts, and slender fertile spikes V - 
1£' long. Resembles the next, but is at orice distinguished by the 
erect spikes, hairy, nerveless fruit, and hairy leaves. 
§ 8. Perigynia slightly inflated , 2-angled, smooth and shining, green , 
with a straight tapering beak terminating in 2 small membranaceous 
teeth (nearly obsolete in No. 92) : lower bracts green and sheath¬ 
ing : pistillate scales tawny, becoming white : staminate spike soli¬ 
tary, stalked : pistillate spi/ces 3-4, loosely flowered, all on long and, 
filiform nodding stalks. 
* Fertile spikes long and slender, remote : perigynia few-nerved: bracts 
equalling or* exceeding the culm. — Debiles. 
90. €)• arc tufa, Boott. Fertile spikes few-flowered and nar¬ 
rowed towards the base; perigynia ovoid-elliptical, triangular, short- 
stalked, rather blunt at the base, the beak very short, longer than the 
pointed scale. (C. sylvAtica, Dew., not of Hudson. C. Knieskernii, 
Dew.) —Woods and meadows, N. New England to W. New York. 
91. C« ctcbilis, Michx. Staminate spike occasionally fertile at 
the apex ; fertile spikes with loose alternate flowers, on a somewhat zig * 
zag rachis ; perigynia oblong, tapering at each end, twice as long as 
the ovate-lanceolate awned scale. (C. tenuis, Rudge. C. flexuosa, 
Muhl.) — Moist meadows, New England to Penn, and south westward. 
* * Fertile spikes short: perigynia nerveless , or very obscurely nerv 
ed in No. 93: bracts erect, shorter than the culm. — Flexiles. 
92. C. ca pill arts, L. Fertile spikes commonly 3, minute , wit 
about 6 alternate flowers; perigynia oblong-ovoid, contracted at t Lt 
base, tapering into a long slightly serrulate beak, with an oblique near 
ly entire orifice, longer than the ovate scale. — Point de Tour, Lake 
Michigan, and alpine summits of the White Mountains, New Hamp¬ 
shire.— An extremely delicate species, 4 r -6 ; high, with spikes {'" 
long, and a line or less in width. 
93. C. flexilis, Rudge. Sterile spike short and club-shaped, 
