607 
GRAMlNEiE. (GRASS FAMILY.) 
the ciliate-fringed upper one, bearing a long straightisli awn just be¬ 
low the tapering 2-cleft tip. U (Trisctum purpuriscens, Torr.) _ 
Kocky, shaded hills, common northward. June. 
A. sativa, L., the Common Oat, belongs to the section with annu¬ 
al roots, and long 7 —9-nerved glumes. 
A. ni/da, L , called Skinless Oat, from the easy separation of the 
grain from the palea?, is sometimes cultivated “on account of its supe¬ 
rior fitness for making oat-meal.” ^ 
A. Pennsylvania, L., received from Kalm, seemed from a bare 
view of the specimen in herb. Linn, to be Trisetum palustre (to which 
the character does not apply): but a specimen in Schreber’s herb 
purporting to come from Kalm, is Trisetum flavescens. 
45. ARRENATHEREM, Beauv. Oat-Grass. 
Spikelets open-panicled, 2-flowered, with the rudiment of a third 
(terminal) flower; the middle flower perfect, with the lower pa- 
lea barely bristle-pointed from near the tip ; the lowest staminate 
only, bearing the long bent awn below the middle of the back 
(whence the name, from apfav, masculine , and dOfjp , awn ) : 
otherwise as in Avena, to which it is very nearly allied. 
1- A. avenaceum, Beauv. Leaves broad and flat; panicle 
elongated (8'-10' long); glumes scarious, very unequal, the upper 
almost equalling the flowers. If. (Avena elatior, L.) — Introduced 
from Europe, naturalized in some places, absurdly called Grass of the 
Andes. May, June. 
4 6. HOECES, L. (partly). Meadow Soft-Grass. 
Spikelets in a contracted panicle, of 2 - 3 flowers pedicelled so 
as to stand side by side, shorter than the membranaceous glumes, 
viz., the lowest flower neutral, small and abortive, or obsolete; 
the middle one perfect, 3-androus, chartaceous, awnless; the up¬ 
per one staminate only, 3-androus, bristle-awned towards the tip. 
(An ancient name, from oX/cov, draught , of obscure application.) 
1. H. lanatus, L. (Velvet-Grass.) Sofl-downy, pale; 
panicle oblong (l'-4' long); upper glume mucronate under the 
apex; awn of the staminate flower recurved. If. — Moist meadows, 
naturalized sparingly. June. 
47. HIEROCHLOA, Gmelin. Holy-Grass. 
Spikelets plainly 3 flowered, panicled; the flowers all with 2 
paleae: the two lower (lateral) flowers staminate only, 3-androus, 
