HEPATICiE. (LIVERWORTS.) 
691 
the axils of scale-like perigonial leaves. Stem-leaves succvbous. 
(Name formed of yea , the earth , and <cd\v£, flower-cup; from the 
fructification becoming subterranean.) 
1. G. graveolcns, Nees. Leaves ovate-quadrate, 2-toothed 
(light-green) ; amphigastria oval-lanceolate, 2-cleft to the middle ; 
perianth subterranean. — On the ground, rotten logs, &c. 
2 3. CHILiOSCYPHirS, Corda. Chiloscyphus. 
Fructification terminal upon a short lateral branch. Involucral 
leaves 2-6, different from and smaller than the stem-leaves. Per¬ 
ianth usually short, deeply 2-3-cleft. Calyptra globose or some¬ 
what club-shaped, slightly chartaceous, often longer than the per¬ 
ianth, rupturing irregularly at the apex. Capsule pedicelled, 4- 
valved. Elaters with two spiral fibres. Perigonial leaves like 
the cauline, concealing antheridia in their saccate dorsal bases. 
Stem-leaves succubous, decurrent on the back of the stem, rather 
horizontal; rootlets proceeding only from the base of the deeply 
2- cleft amphigastria. (Name formed of * 1 X 0 ?, herbage , and 
<TKvcjiosy cup; from the herbaceous calyptra.) 
1. C. polyailtllOS, Corda. Stems procumbent ; leaves ovate- 
quadrate ; involucral leaves 2, slightly 2-toothed ; perianth 3-lobed, the 
lobes short and nearly entire. — Rocks, &c. 
2. CJ* ascendeilS, Hook. & Wils. Stems prostrate ; leaves 
ascending, roundish-oblong, slightly emarginate ; involucral leaves 2, 
two-cleft ; perianth 2-3-lobed > the lobes long and irregularly lacerate- 
toothed. — Rotten logs, &c. A large species, with pale-green foliage. 
24. LOPHOCOLDA, Nees. Lophocolea. 
Fructification terminal on the main stem or primary branches. 
Involucral leaves 2 — 4, large. Perianth tubular below, acutely 
3- angular above, 3-lobed ; the lobes tooth-crested. Calyptra short, 
membranaceous, circumscissile at the base or rupturing irregularly 
at the apex. Capsule pedicelled, oval, 4-valved. Elaters with 
two spiral fibres. Antheridia in the saccate bases of small imbri¬ 
cated perigonial leaves. Stem-leaves succubous, nearly horizon¬ 
tal, decurrent on the dorsal side of the stem, flaccid, 2- several-cleft 
at the apex. Amphigastria 2-4-divided ; the divisions more or 
less incised. (Name composed of \6<j)os , a crest, and koXcos, a 
sheath ; from the crested calyptra.) 
1. L,. bidentata, Nees. Stems elongated (3'-6'long), spar- 
