which were prominent features of gardens of the 16th Century. 
One of the knots used (west) is an adaptation of a very elabo- 
rate late 16th Century design taken from a figure attributed to 
Thomas Hill (Dydymus Mountaine) in “Mediaeval Gardens,” by 
Sir Frank Crisp. The other knot (east) was taken without change 
from the same source (Figs. 1 and 3). 
In the west knot the lines forming the pattern are made of 
germander, formerly used as a strewing herb; three species of 
lavender-cotton ; and sweet violet, the flowers of which are used, 
candied, in making syrup of violets, ete. 
in the east knot, thyme, two species of lavender-cotton, and 
germander are used in making the design. 
In the long bed to the south of the knots, herbs such as basil, 
caraway, coriander, dill, fennel, parsley, chervil, etc., are planted. 
In this bed there are also several varieties of sweet-scented 
geraniums used for flavoring and in finger bowls. Surrounding 
the culinary herbs on three sides are beds devoted to medicinal 
plants. It will be noticed that, in a number of cases, the same 
species 1s used both in cooking and in medicine. 
If one remembers that most herbs are native to the Near Fast 
and Mediterranean regions, one will have a clue to their cultivation, 
soil preference, and exposure. Southern exposure is best, sloping 
to the south and sheltered from prevailing high winds. The soil 
in general may be sandy, rather calcareous in nature, definitely well- 
drained. Ordinary garden soil is suitable, but should not be well 
fertilized as the essential oils, of which the quantity and quality 
are so important in plants of this character and use, are less power- 
ful in manured soil. There are a few exceptions which will be 
dealt with under the plants themselves, namely, the mints, parsley, 
angelica, and chervil. 
Those plants which are perennial may be propagated by root divi- 
sion in early spring or in late summer; or by cuttings taken in 
— 
spring, as with tarragon or lavender. Some can be easily grown 
from seed sown in April, May, or June and thinned, being set 
where they are to grow when the seedlings develop several pairs 
of true leaves. Annuals can be raised by the same general rule: 
1en 
— 
sown in April or May in rows about 1 foot apart, thinned w 
seedlings are from 2-3 inches high, and kept well cultivated until 
