LOS 
The dried flowers are used separately and in combination with 
peppermint leaves to brew a pleasing beverage tea. 
ELecampane (Inula Helenium) N.O. This plant is a_ tall 
coarse perennial herb, native of Europe and widely naturalized in 
the U. S. The root is used in veterinary medicine. In human 
medication it has been employed for its expectorant, diuretic and 
diaphoretic properties. 
Epuepra (Ephedra ies Ma Huang, N.O. The shrub 
yields the alkaloid ephedrine, U.S.P. and is a native of northwestern 
China and Thibet where it has ae used since prehistoric times in 
the treatment of “disorders of the kidney.” It has been introduced 
into modern medicine in recent years and has proven a valuable 
remedy in respiratory conditions such as bronchial asthma, hay 
fever, catarrh, hemorrhage and in ophthalmic practice to produce 
dilation of the pupil. Ephedrine has valuable utilization as a sub- 
stitute for adrenalin (epinephrin). It has some advantages over 
adrenalin in certain instances because it is not limited to hypo- 
dermic administration. It is almost as effective orally in_ pill 
form as adrenalin is intravenously. In addition, the effect of 
ephedrine, if given intravenously, is more prolonged although less 
potent than adrenalin. The crude Ephedra has been imported 
from the Orient but the Bad Lands of the Dakotas are ecologically 
adapted to its culture and could supply all U.S. requirements. 
Economically, synthetic ephedrine can be produced at one-fiftieth 
of the cost of synthetic adrenalin. 
FENNEL (foeniculum vulgare), Fennel seed, N.F. The plant 
is a tall biennial, native of Europe and Asia but now cultivated in 
many countries. The leaf stalks are frequently eaten as a relish. 

The fruit or so-called seed has been used since the earliest times, 
in preparing an infusion for colic and griping. It is mentioned 
in the Anglo-Saxon domestic medical recipes of the XI Century, 
and its cultivation was encouraged by Charlemagne. 
Feverrew (Chrysanthemum Parthenium) N.O. This is a per- 
ennial herbaceous plant, native of Europe and conmon to the 
United States. It has been used as a tonic, stimulant, and car- 
minative due to its volatile constituents. 
Fic (Ficus carica) N.O. Native to Persia and Asia Minor, its 
cultivation has been extended to mild climates of the entire world. 
