168 
occupied in Koman architecture by the fasces or bundles of rod: 
enclosing an axe—symbols of imperial authority. It was thought 
that for a botanic garden a design more symbolic of peace and 
Near the 
the beauty of the plant world would be more suitable. 
but 
south edge of the plaza is a water basin 16 feet in diameter, 
containing no fountain. The designs, after acceptance by the 
donor and by our Governing Committee, were approved by The 
Art Commission of the City. 
\s stated above, the plants in the Horticultural Section are 
horticultural varieties and species that have horticultural value. 
What are Horticultural Varieties? 
It may be noted here that the particular kinds of wild plants 
are called species. Under cultivation new forms often arise not 
found growing wild; they may arise from wild species or from 
other cultivated forms. These are called “garden forms” or 
‘horticultural varieties,” and may arise in at least three ways: 
1. Seed variation; 2. Bud variation; 3. Crossing or hybridizing. 
1. Seed variation: One of the best known horticultural varieties resulting 
from seed variation is the famous original Concord Grape, which was pro- 
duced by a seed of the wild grape (Vitis Labrusca) planted at Concord, 
Tass., in the fall of 1843 by Ephraim W. Bull. This plant fruited for the 
Concord Grape vines in the world have been 
= 
first time in 1849, and all other 
either directly or indirectly, from this one by propagation from 
derived, 
“was derived by seed variation, as was 
cuttings. The famous * Golden Glow 
the Burbank potato 
. Bud variation: Occasionally one or more of the buds on a plant will 
differing characteristically from the typical branches. 
It is believed to have been the origin of the 
most famous bud 
Rite branches 
This is called bud sporting. 
Washington or California Navel Orange. Among. the 
sports of flowering plants are the Moss Roses, of which there are many 
varieties of potato arose by bud sporting, the 
varieties. Some horticultural 
“mixing in the hill.’ Among houseplants 
process being called by farmers, 
the Boston Fern (and other varieties of Nephrolepis exaltata) arose by bud 
sporting. 
3. Crossing or hybridizing : 
the flowers of one to the stigmas of the flowers of another. 
and other fruits, and i 
Plants are crossed by transferring pollen from 
In this manner 
have arisen numerous varieties of apples, pears, i 
numerable varieties of such plants as Iris, Orchid, Peony, oe many Rois 
y., Hybrid Teas, Hybrid Perpetuals), the Lilac, and othe 
