45 



MONDAY, August 5th, 2 p.m. 



SECTION II.— SYSTEMATICS AND DISTRIBUTION. 



President : Ch. Oberthür. 

 Vice-President : D. Sharp. 

 Secretary : G. Arrow. 



In the absence of the President and Vice-President, the Hon. 

 N. C. Rothschild kindly undertook to act as President, and 

 called on Prof. H. J. Kolbe to give his paper entitled : 



Die Differenzierung der Zoogeographischen Elemente 



der Kontinente. 



Many genera are common to America and Europe, and many 

 species identical. As we go more northwards, the identity of 

 genera and species increases. Fossils are no guides, as they are 

 too few in numbers. Genera exist in America and Eurasia 

 which may be regarded as relics. Asida, e.g., occurs in Mexico, 

 Texas, California, etc., and again in Southern Europe northward 

 as far as the Rhinegau. Glaphyrinae are found in North Africa, 

 Southern Europe eastward to China, and also in California. 

 Such genera have formerly occurred farther north. 



Mclolontha and Cetonia only occur in Europe and Central 

 Asia ; no representatives are known from America. Such genera 

 have probably immigrated from the south, and have consequently 

 not been able to reach America. 



Certain groups, now distributed over the European-Asiatic 

 region, have had their origin in Central Asia. 



Northern districts possessed a rich flora in Tertiary times 

 (known from fossil remains), including forms now only found much 

 farther south, so that they were undoubtedly formerly inhabited 



