70 



genus Hestia. Mimicry possibly to some extent a survival of 

 primitive patterns. Summary of conclusions. 



The lecture was illustrated by a fine series of lantern slides 

 (cf. Vol. II., p. 355)- 



Discussioji. 



F. A. DiXEY congratulated Prof, van Bemmelen on the 

 beauty and interest of his researches, and remarked that he had 

 thrown a flood of hght on the relation shown by the pupal wing, 

 properly so called, and the imaginai wing within the pupa. 



T. A. Chapman expressed his admiration of the paper, which 

 touched on subjects in which he was much interested. Time 

 prohibited his more than asking a question as to the development 

 of Aporia cratcegi, in which the earlier markings of imaginai wings 

 in the pupa corresponded very exactly with the pupal markings, 

 which were very variable and hardly ahke in any two specimens, 

 and were therefore quite rarely in correspondence with the true 

 primitive pattern demonstrated by Prof, van Bemmelen to be 

 so usual in certain families of Rhopalocera. 



J. VAN Bemmelen mentioned that he referred to this point 

 in a portion of his paper that time had prevented him reading. 



Prof. PouLTON, in moving a vote of thanks to Prof, van 

 Bemmelen for his interesting paper, congratulated him on the 

 beauty of his illustrations and also on the admirably clear manner 

 in which he had delivered an address in a foreign language. 



J. W. Taylor then gave his paper entitled : 



Geographical Distribution and Dominance in relation to 

 Evolution and Phylogeny. 



The species and groups which have arisen in North Central 

 Europe are the most highly endowed, and better qualified to 

 succeed in the life struggle than those which have originated 

 elsewhere. This leading thought the lecturer substantiated by 

 references to the distribution and qualities of various groups of 

 insects and other animals (cf. Vol. II., p. 271). 



Discussion. 

 G. H. Carpenter drew attention to the work done in Ireland 

 on the distribution of Britannic insects, which tended to show 



