150 



in copula has very rarely been found with prey. 1908 — ninety 

 catalogued specimens (or mounts) of which seventeen were cap- 

 tured by Mr. C. H. Hamm ; 1909 — eight3^-six, of which two were 

 captured by Mr. C. H. Hamm ; 1911— thirty. 



" [h) Hybos {HybotincF). — Prey generally Hymenopterous. 

 jgo8 — eighty-four, of which twenty-six were captured by Mr. 

 C. H. Hamm ; 1909 — two ; 1911— six. 



" (c) Empis trigramma, punctata, and scutellata {Empines).- — 

 A little group of related species with habits very diñerent from 

 those of the rest of the genus, so far as it has been studied. 1909 — 

 sixty-three. 



"2. The prey provided by the male is devoured or sucked 

 by the female during copulation. 



" [a) Pachymcria [Empinœ). — The prey always Dipterous. 

 1908 — one hundred and ten ; 1909 — one hundred and seventy- 

 eight. 



" (6) Rhamphomyia [Empinœ). — The prey nearly always Dip- 

 terous. 1909 — three ; 1910 — two hundred and fifty ; 1911 — 

 sixty-five. 



" (c) Empis {Empinœ). — Small species as yet undetermined. 

 Prey nearly always minute Dipt era, chiefly Cecidomyia and 

 Psychodes. 1909 — two ; 1910 — fifty-five ; 1911 — one hundred 

 and three. 



" {d) Empis tessellata.— Frey very varied, but always Dip- 

 terous. 1908 — two ; 1909 — two hundred and twenty- four ; 

 1910 — twelve ; 191 1 — thirty-three. 



" {e) Empis opaca. — Prey like that of tessellata, but mainly 

 of the genus Bibio. 1909 — one hundred and sixty-eight ; 1910 — 

 forty-six ; 191 1 — forty. 



" (/) Empis livida. — Prey more varied than that of any other 

 species, but still chiefly Dipterous. 1908 — three hundred and 

 five, of which four were collected by Mr. C. H. Hamm ; 1909 — 

 forty-five ; 191 1 — thirty-two. 



" 3. The prey or object provided by the male is not devoured 

 by the female, but becomes as it were an ornament or plaything 

 providing some indispensable stimulus. 



" {a) Hilara {Empinœ). — Many species as yet undetermined. 

 All the species fly over water, and the prey or other object is 

 always picked up from its surface by the male Hilara. The 



