69 



Wasmann in 1891 records similar results in Holland. The 

 strange Tetramorium workers did no harm to the male and female 

 Anergaies that he gave to them, while they killed all the males 

 and females of Strongylognathus testaccus that he jihucd in their 

 nest. 



In 1897 Janet records the following experiment. A normal 

 colony of Tetramorium cœspitum with a queen, and a normal colony 

 of Anergates containing an obese queen, 3'oung winged females, 

 males, and Tetramorium workers, the two colonies being about 

 equal in numbers, were placed together in an artificial nest. 

 Only a few relatively unimportant encounters were observed, 

 but several days after the obese queen was l>"ing dead among 

 a group of Tetramorium workers, who still persisted in tending 

 her. Several weeks later all the Anergates, males and females, 

 had disappeared, so that the colony became a normal Tetra- 

 morium one again. W'asmanx in May 1904 found a strong colony 

 of Anergates at Luxemburg. Copulation was observed, after 

 which the newly-fertilised females sought to leave the nest. 

 Tetramorium worker pupae from a strange nest of Tetramorium 

 were given to the Anergates colony, and devoured. During June 

 he placed twelve winged but fertilised Anergates females into 

 an observation nest containing one hundred Tetramorium workers 

 and worker pupae. Two pairs of Anergates in cop. were among 

 those introduced. The first female was pulled about and her 

 wings broken off, but others were readily received. No female 

 was, however, taken as a queen, and by June 22nd all the 

 Anergates had disappeared. 



In July 1909 he found under a stone at Hohscheid in Ösling 

 a small Anergates colony, but could not discover a fertile queen. 

 A pair of Anergates in cop. were taken and put into a small 

 nest of Tetramorium without a queen. Two da\-s later the female, 

 still winged, was seen under a number of workers. Two more 

 females, a male, and twenty larvae of Anergates were then put 

 in, and at once received, and the larvae fed by the workers. The 

 colony perished during August. 



Wasmann says that these experiments do not show how 

 a female is made queen of a Tetramorium nest. He suggests 

 that a female is adopted in a queenless old Tdrainonum colony, 

 or perhaps in a branch of an old colony. 



