73 



eleven winged Tetramorium females and two males were attacked. 

 By the following day all the females and males were dead, and 

 their wings and dead bodies were piled in a corner of the light 

 chamber which the ants used as a refuse-heap. On August 3rd 

 another female hatched, but was killed the same da}'. 



At the moment of writing (August 6th) the abdomen of 

 the Ancrgatcs queen is twice its normal size, though she has not 

 as yet been observed to lay any eggs. 



Experiment V. — On Jul}' 29th Cr.uvlev ]:)hiced a fertiUsed 

 Anergates female with only one wing into the small nest of 

 Tetramorium employed in Experiment I. When touched by 

 the workers, she crouched down and remained motionless. Later 

 she was dragged by a worker. At 5 p.m. she was holding the 

 tip of a worker's antenna, and the worker seemed paral^'sed. 

 Another worker was attacking her. At 6.45 ]).m. she had released 

 the worker and was attacked by two others. At 9.50 p.m. she 

 seized another worker b}' the antenna, but did not retain her 

 hold for long. The last observation that night showed her 

 to be held by a leg and an antenna. She was still being attacked 

 the next morning, so the Tetramorium queen was removed from 

 the nest. This, however, made no difference, as she was viciously 

 attacked during the da}', and so was removed. 



Thus it will be seen that in four of the above experiments 

 made on colonies of Tetramorium containing old queens, the Aner- 

 gates females were killed or attacked. The single experiment 

 made on a far larger colon}' without an old queen, but con- 

 taining two deälated females, which may or may not have been 

 fertilised, and a number of winged females and males, resulted 

 in the complete acceptance of the parasite queen and the subse- 

 quent slaughter of all the Tetramorium males and females. 



There are several other interesting parasitic ants, and also 

 some myrmecophilous species, including our British Solenopsis 

 fugax and Formicoxenus nitidulus, whose modes of founding 

 colonies are unknown. 



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