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burning off of infested stubble, and also the use of repellent 

 chemical substances. 



(t) Orchard Insect Pests. 



1. Fruit Fly {Ceratitis capitata). 



2. Black Scale {Lccanium olea). 



3. Brown Scale {Lccaniuni hesperidum). 



4. Red Scale {Aspidiotus aurantii). 



5. San José Scale {Aspidiotus perniciosus). 



6. Mussel Scale {Mytilaspis pomoruni). 



7. Cottony Cushion Scale {Icerya purchasi). 



8. Vine Scale {Lecaniuni cymbijormc). 



9. Greedy Scale {Aspidiotus rapax). 



10. Woolly Aphis {Schizoneura lanigera). 



11. Peach Aphis {Aphis pérsica). 



12. Orange Aphis {Siphonophora citrijoelli). 



13. Apple Aphis and Pear Aphis {Aphis malí). 



14. Pear Slug and Cherry Slug {Selandria 



ccrasi). 



15. Red Spider {Tetr any chus telar i us). 



16. Red Mite {Bryobia pratensis). 



17. Cherry Borer {Cryptophaga uni punctata). 



18. Tussock Moth {Orgia postica). 



The combative measures relied upon as applied to pests 

 2-9 are either spraying with repellent or contact solutions or 

 mixtures, or fumigation with hydrocyanic gas. Introduced 

 parasites have been successfully used in the case of pests 2 and 

 3, partially in the case of 4 and 8. Pests 6 and 7 are almost 

 completely held in check by native parasitic insects. All the 

 various aphid pests, with the exception of that on the cabbage, 

 are in large measure kept under by spraying. The means usually 

 relied upon for the destruction of the Cherry Borer is to plug 

 the borings with cotton-wool saturated with carbon-bisulphide. 



((/) Aninuil I>isect Pests. 



1 . Blowllies : 



(a) Bluebottle Fly {Lucilia sericata). 

 (6) Common Blowfly {Calliphora villosa). 



2. Cattle Tick {Boophilus australis). 

 29 



