486 MEMOIRS OF THE CARNEGIE MUSEUM 



locations in the neighborhood. Thus this case must be regarded as exceptional, not 

 as a regular or normal episode in the life of tlie species. 



5. Camharus harfoni and Camharus hartoni rohustus. 



In all the species discussed so far we have f^und a regular seasonal period in the 

 life-history, marked chiefl\^ by a distinct mating-season in fall, a spawning-season in 

 spring, and a season in early summer when no males of the first form are present. 

 But it is entirely different in the case of C. hartoni. In this species none of these 

 seasons is recognizable. 



As to the mating period, I have observations on only two dates. On May 27, 



1904, I found a couple in copula in Squaw Run. Here I was able to make a clo.se 

 observation. The act of copulation is similar to that in the case of C. Ihnosus, as 

 described by Andrews (1901), but the male does not take hold of the anterior walk- 

 ing feet of the female with its chelre, and its second I pereiopods are clasped around 

 the carapace of the latter, lying in the cervical groove, and almost touching each 

 other on the back of the female. In this case it was the fifth pereiopod of the left 

 side, which was stretched across the sternum in order to elevate the copulatory 

 organs. The male of this couple was 67 mm. long, the female 73 mm. long. The 

 other observation occurred on October G, 1905, when I found two couples together 

 at Weskit, near Kittanning. The male of tlie first couple was 63.5 mm., the female 

 59 mm. long. In the other couple both male and female were 63 mm. long. Both 

 couples separated when captured, and thus I cannot give particulars. 



These two dates are so far remote from each other that it seems hardl}^ probable 

 that they belong to one and the same breeding season. It is possible that one of 

 them is exceptional, but I have no means of deciding this. On the other liand, as 

 we shall see presently, spawning takes place at such different times of the year 

 that very likely the mating-season is also irregular. 



Females with eggs have been found on the following dates : July 6, 1905 ; July 

 10, 1905 ; July 20, 1904 ; July 29, 1905 ; August 1, 1905 ; August 9, 1904 ; August 10, 



1905. The number of eggs was between seven and one hundred and thirty-three, 

 the smallest number being found in the smallest individual, 59 mm. long. In ad- 

 dition I took a number of females with young under the al)domen. The following 

 records are at hand. At Princeton, New Jersey, in February, 1898. The exact 

 date is not recorded, but it was toward the end of the month. The length of the 

 female was 48 mm., the number of the young was ten.-" Further : March 31, 1905 ; 



^"This number is unreliable, but represents as many as were secured. In some cases quite a number of theyouu}.' 

 dropped off wben tbe mother was captured. 



