OKTMANN : T}IK CKAVFISIIIS Or THE STATi: <>K I'KNN- VLV AMA 521 



I'^ic. 9. Burrow of CmnhnruH foco/ZwiM Ericlison, lofntcd in a swampv place in stiH' vtllow t-Iay, 

 at Listie, Somerset County. Opened Ijv tlie writer Aufj. X'l, 1!HI4. 

 Il^f. Diagram of disposition of piles of mu<l seen from aliove. 9t. Section of hole along line 

 A-T). !»c. Se(!tion of hole along line A-Jl-C. A. Open chimney. /?. Closed 

 cliiinnev. I). Closed cliinmey, hole filletl up a good distance below surface of ground. 

 C. Open hole, witiiont pile of mud, situated un<ier tlie edge of a large flat stone («). 

 «•/, water level ; .r, i>Iaee where the crawfish (male, first form, (>\ mm. long) was found. 



Pi-ATi; XLI. 



Frci. 1. Burrow of C'amharn.s haiioni (F:\\mc'n\^). Located in the sand and gravel of the dry 

 bed of a small stream, Edgewood Park, Allegheny County. Opened i)y the writer, 

 Oct. 10, 190;]. mp, pile of mud, consisting of mud, sand, and gravel ; «, large slab 

 of stone, lying imbedded in sand and gravel ; W, water level (the stream was dn.- for 

 long stretches, only here and there pools of water were left); .r, place where crawfish 

 (female, 63.") mm. lung) was taken. 



Frc;. 2. Burrow of CambnruH monoDf/tili'ima Ortmann. I^ocated in yellow clay (mi.ved with 

 humus), at a springy place on the bank of small stream, near Monongahela City, 

 Washington County. Dug out by the writer, June K), 1!M)-|. 

 2rt. Diagram of burrow and chimneys, seen from above; '2h, section of hole along line 

 A-B-C ; 2i; section of liolc along line C-l>-h'. A, hole opening laterally, with 

 one-sided iiile of mtid in front, kee])ing up the level of water ; /.' and J>, closed 

 chimneys ; C, open, large, and regular chimney ; irl, water level ; */, stream ; r, places 

 where the old female (mother, 05 mm. long), and ten young (20..') to ."52.") mm. long) 

 were found. Water, in a weak How, was rinining in at ^, and was running out at ,1. 



Fig. .'j. Burrow of Camhanix monnuf/dlcuKis Ortmann. Loc-ated in yellow clay, at a springv 

 place on the hank of a small stream, Edgewood Park, .MIegheny ('onnty. Dug ont 

 i)y the writer, May !i, 1(101. Tlie burrow is of a tvpe similar to the one fignre<l in 

 Fig. 2, but less complex, n, hole opening laterally, with one-sideil pile of mud keep- 

 ing up the level of the water ; />, closed chimney ; i/7, water level ; nf, stream ; .r, ])lace 

 where the crawfish (female, Oo mm. long) was taken. 



Fig. 4. Burrow of Camlmru.^ mouoiif/a/cnxix Ortmann. Located in black muck, at a springv 

 and swamj)y place at the bottom of the tipper |)art of Fern Hollow, Pittsburgh, Alle- 

 gheny County, opened by the writer, Oct. IS, UtO;}. Type of a hole in level ground, 

 with the water near the surface. No adults and only four young were found in this 

 hole, but ])Ossibly the hole had additional branches, which were not dis<'ovcFed, liie 

 high stage o(" the water anil its icy coldness rendering investig-.ition dillieult. Alxuit 

 l.r)0 m. from this hole another was opened, which contained a female C. rUognifn. 

 a, closed chimney ; h, one-sidi-d chimney in front of hole opening obliquely ; trl, wati-r 

 level ; .'•, places where young specimens (ll.o to l(!.."i mm. long) were found. 



