CRUSTACEA OF NEW ZEALAND. 181 



regarding these Crustacea was ascertained nntil towards the end of 1883, when Mr. D. L. 

 Inwood, of "Winchester, near Tcmuka, South Canterhury, wrote to me stating that he 

 had taken similar blind Crustacea from a pump at Winchester. He afterwards very 

 kindly forwarded me some specimens, which proved to belong to Gammarus fragilis. 

 Calliope siihterranea, Cruregens fontanus, and to a species of Phrealoicus. A short note 

 recording the occurrence of these species at Winchester was published in the ' New 

 Zealand Journal of Science ' for March, 188-i [2i], in which also the generic name 

 Calliope was altered to Calliopius, as the former name was preoccupied, and it was 

 pointed out that the specimens referred to Phrealoicus typicus differed to some extent 

 from the Eyreton specimens, though whether they were entitled to rank as a new 

 variety or not was at the time left an open question ; in the present paper they have 

 been placed under the new species Fhreatoicus assimilis. 



In 1889, Mr. G. M. Thomson [110, p. 262], recorded the existence of Calliopius sub- 

 terraneus in wells at Ashburton from specimens forwarded to him by Mr. W. W. Smitlu 

 I have since received numerous specimens of this species from various wells in that 

 locality, both from Mr. Smith, and also from Mr. J. B. Mayne, Head Master of the 

 Ashburton Public School. 



In 1891, Mr. R. M. Laing, of the Christchurch Boys' High School, sent me several 

 specimens of Gammartts fragilis from wells at Leeston, about 27 miles from Christ- 

 church in a southerly direction. He has since sent me specimens of Crangonijx coni' 

 pact us and Crui'egens fo)itaniis also from the same well. 



In the year 1892 Mr. E. Wilkinson, of the School of Agriculture, Lincoln, sent me 

 a large number of specimens of Calliopins sublerraneus from wells at that place, about 

 12 miles from Christchurch. 



These are all the localities from which I have seen specimens of these Crustacea up to 

 the present time, though from various correspondents I learn that they have been seen 

 in other localities on the Canterbury Plains. Mr. Smith wrote me (Aug. 1892) that he 

 had heard of them from as far north as Leithfield, and also from Alford Eorest, only a few 

 miles from the base of the ranges, in a well 46 feet deep. 



About the end of 1889 I received from the Trustees of the Australian Museum, 

 Sydney, a small collection of terrestrial and freshwater Crustacea, collected for the 

 IMuscum by Mr. R. Helms, while on an expedition to the Mt. Kosciusko jDlateau, 

 Among these I at once saw that there was one belonging to the genus Flireatoicus, which 

 had been established for the blind form from the wells at Eyreton. The occurrence of 

 a species of this genus inhabiting the surface-waters on the top of the Mt. Kosciusko 

 plateau, at a height of nearly 6000 feet above sea-level, was first i)ublished in the small 

 ' Handbook of Christchurch,' prepared for the Meeting of the Australian Association for 

 the Advancement of Science, at Christchurch, in January 1891 [63, j). 19]. The species 

 was afterwards fully described in the ' Records of the Australian Museum ' under the 

 name Phrealoicus atistralis [26]. In the present paper I have compared it witli the 

 two subterranean species P. (ijpicus and P. assimilis. 



Subterranean Crustacea have now been actually obtained from the following localities 

 in the Canterbury Plains : — 



24* 



