51 



the movable lacinia, the setae and the molar tubercle well developed; the palp with the second 

 joint somewhat expanded, third joint very oblong. Maxilla; with all parts of normal size and 

 shape. Maxillipeds somewhat robust, without any lobe ; claw very long. Gnathopods with second 

 joint very large and the claw long; fifth joint in the female simple, in the male expanded and 

 produced on the inner side. Thoracic legs with second joint very large, sixth joint divided by 

 2 or 3 vertical articulations, seventh joint rudimentary and a claw not discoverable; basal part of 

 the exopod very broad; in the male sixth joint of first pair is specially modified in some species. 



First abdominal segment in the female with a lateral pair of protruding lamellae. In the 

 female the pleopods of first pair are normal, styliform, while the other pairs are remarkably 

 transformed, being very short, broad, movable plates. Pleopods in the male well developed; 

 exopod of first pair and both rami of the other pairs multiarticulate, and exopod of third pair 

 elongated, distally less or more modified; endopod of all pairs with a free basal lamella, but 

 on the first pair only the lamella, not the endopod itself, is found. Uropods with the exopod 

 even shorter than the endopod; outer margin of the exopod with a good number of spines, 

 the first spine somewhat removed from the base, and the last close at the end or on the end ; 

 at least the distal half of the endopod with several long spines; otocyst small. Telson long, 

 posteriorly cleft. Female marsupium formed by two pairs of lamellae. 



Remarks. — The genus Anchiahcs was established in i86i by Kruyer on A. typicus Kr., 

 a species from the tropical Atlantic; in 1906 Norm.a.n substituted the name Anchialina for 

 Anchialus. In 1877 G. O. Sars gave a most elaborate description with numerous figures of a 

 second species, A. agilis G. O. S., from the Mediterranean. In 1885 Sars redescribed in the 

 "Challenger" Report what he believed to be A. typiciis Kr. ; it will be shown presently that 

 his specimens, taken off the Cape, in reality belong to another species; in his preliminary paper 

 on the "Challenger" Schizopoda (1883) Sars had established a new species, A. triincatus G. O. S., 

 on the same specimens, and the latter name must therefore be restored. In the same work he 

 described A. angtistus from South Australia and A. pusillns from the Celebes Sea. But A. 

 pusillus G. O. S. does not belong to Anchialus-^ in the sequel I redescribe this species and 

 establish a new genus, P seudanchialina , for its reception. And for A. angttstus I propose a 

 second new eenus, Paranchialina^ as it differs from the other forms of Ancliialina in the 

 following essential features: the body is slender; the carapace is only moderately long, leaving 

 uncovered the last thoracic segment and a part of the preceding segment; second joint of the 

 maxillipeds possesses a conspicuous lobe; gnathopods and first pair of thoracic legs do not present 

 sexual differences; in the female the three anterior pairs of pleopods are normal, styliform, the 

 two posterior pairs are transverse lamellae ; the basal lobe from the endopods of the pleopods 

 in the male is normal, oblong, not developed as a kind of pseudobranchial lamella ; the exopod 

 of the uropods with only a couple of spines near the middle of its outer margin, and the pro.ximal 

 half of this margin is naked, the distal half setiferous. All these characters are, taken together, 

 of generic value, while in other features Paranchialina is allied to Anchialina. 



The "Siboga" collection contains a rich material of 2 species, A. typica Kr., and A. 

 grossa n. sp. ; in the restriction proposed the genus now comprises 4 species, viz. A. typica Kr., 

 A. agilis G. O. S., A. irtincaia G. (3. S. and A. grossa n. sp. 



