Stiidies on mariini Ostracods 



165 



By his work „0 s t r a c o da in o d i t e r r a n e a", 1887, G. 0. Sars also helped in 

 a high degree to make this group of animals known. This work together with G. W. Muller's 

 big monograph of 1894 — especially the latter — are the publications that, broadly speaking, 

 may be said to have carried our knowledge of the forms belonging to this sub-order to its 

 present standjioint. Not only did the latter work, with its nuiltitude of details, fill many gaps 

 in our knowledge of the morphology of these animals, but in it, generally speaking, they were 

 treated, for the first and only time, from standpoints other than a purel}- morphological- 

 classificatory one; even their oecology was the subject of a rather thorough study. 



Of the other publications that deal with this group we may only mention here: 

 A. (jARBlM, 1887, in which Cypridina mediterranea 0. Co«TA was submitted to a morphological- 

 histological investigation; the following organs were dealt with: the first antenna, alimentary 

 organs, central nerve system, sensory and sexual organs. It is quite a meritorious work. 

 C. Glaus (1891 b) dealt with the median eye, A. Ramsch (1906) the female sexual organs in 

 Cypridina; L. LtJDERS (1909) made a rather thorough study of the organisation of Gigantocypri^. 

 The first to give a scientific name to and describe a species belonging to the sub-order 

 Gypridiniformes was H. MlLNE ELiWARDS in his treatises of 1838 and 1840. As is seen from 

 the historical summary given above this author distinguished the new form from the 

 other then known recent Ostracods — divided into two genera, Cypris and Cythere — 

 by taking it as a representative af a new genus, Cypridina. ^\'. Bairu, 18o0a, separated the 

 then known forms of this group as a special family Cypridinadae, by the side of which he put 

 the families Cytheridae and Cypridae. V. Claus suggested, 1876 (p. 94, note 1)), that the genus 

 Asterope should be distinguished as a special family ,,d e r A s t e r o p i d e n" from other 

 genera of this group then known, namely Cypridina, Monopia and Philomedes. G. S. BR-\I»^' 

 and A, M. NORMAN, 1896, divided the known forms of this group into four families: 

 Family I. Asteropidac with only one genus Asterope 



Crossophoius 

 ( 'ypridina 

 I'hiloumli'ft 

 Streptoleheria 

 Tetragvnodon 

 Paramckodun 

 Rutiderma 

 Euri/pylii.'i 

 ISarsietla 

 Nematultaininu. 

 G. W. MULLER in his later works (1906 b, 1912) employs the following division of this group: 



Cypridina 



11. Cypridinidac 



FamiK' III. Rutidermalidm 



1\. tSarsudlidac 



only one genu- 



three genera 



Snb-familv 1. Cypridininac with five genera 



Pyrocypris 

 ( 'ro.i.'iophoni.s 

 ( 'iidonoct'nt 

 GigantOcypris 



.\tilnral ."iytitcfi*. 



