studies on marine Ostracods 377 



On the anterior side of this joint, on the powerful and conically rounded secondary tooth that 

 is directed forward, there is a single bristle; judging from the position of this bristle on the male 

 fifth limb it is presumably to be considered as homologous with the d-bristle in the sub-family 

 Cypridininae. The two distal exopodite joints in the species investigated by me were rather 

 small, furnished with a number of bristles. It may be pointed out that on all the species in 

 question the inner lobe of the third joint was furnished with three, the outer lobe with two, 

 bristles, thus the same number as is most frequently foxuid in the species belonging to the sub- 

 family Cypridininae. 



M ale: — The e p i p o d i a 1 appendage of the p r o t o p o d i t e is of about 

 the same size and type and has the same number of marginal bristles as in the female; its muscular 

 system is powerfully developed. The other parts of this limb are also of the same fundamental 

 type as in the female. It is somewhat, though only rather slightly, smaller than that of the 

 female, has a rather weak division into joints, its muscular system is almost entirely reduced 

 and all the chitinous parts are soft, thin and hyaline. The exopodite has four joints 

 as in the female. The two proximal exopodite joints are, as in the sub-family Cypridininae, 

 of about equal size. The main tooth of the first joint is represented by four, in exceptional 

 cases by only three, soft, hyaline, irregularly conical processes, with close, soft hairs; these 

 processes are of about the same size as or very slightly smaller than the corresponding constituent 

 teeth in the female. The iimer tooth-like process of the second exopodite joint is represented 

 by a process of about the same kind as the one that represents the anterior constituent tooth 

 of the main tooth of the preceding joint. The equipment of bristles on this limb is the same or 

 almost the same as that on this limb of the female. — G. W. MCller states, 1912, however, 

 that there are considerably fewer bristles on this limb in the male than in the female. — All 

 or almost all the bristles have close soft, long hairs at the middle, but they have no secondary 

 teeth distally. Pilosity: The hairs on this limb are more abundantly developed than in the 

 female. — It seems certain that this limb, like the maxilla, cannot be used for mastication. 



Sixth limb: — Just as in the case of the maxilla and the fifth limb, all the species 

 of this genus that were investigated by me showed a close resemblance with regard to this limb. 

 (On account of this it did not seem necessary to me to reproduce this for more than one species, 

 Ph. (Scl.) Appellofi; a detailed description is given imder the first species, Ph. (Ph.) globosa.) 

 It shows weak sexual dimorphism; G. W. MOller states that this limb is similar in males and 

 females. The bristles on the endites of the protopodite and the first exopodite 

 joint, like the anterior bristles on the second exopodite joint are, on an average, somewhat, 

 though in most cases only very slightly, more weakly developed in the males. In the female 

 all or almost all these bristles are furnished at the middle with long, stifE secondary bristles, 

 and are moderately strongly pectinated distally; in the male they have long, soft hairs at the 

 middle and are finely pectinated or even bare distally. The second exopodite joint: 

 This is very much wider than it is long. It has abundant bristles, all situated on or near the 

 ventral edge, sometimes, however, some of them are considerably displaced dorsally on the 

 medial side. The posterior and the anterior of these bristles are not separated from each other 

 by any pronounced gap. The posterior bristles are, on the average, somewhat longer than the 



Zoolog. bidrag, Upi'sala. SuppI.-BJ. 1. 



