studies on iiuiiiiir Oslratods 43.) 



and 46 he succeeded in identifying the four species established by Hesse. — For several reasons 

 I find it impossible to follow these authors. It is certainly true that the drawings with which 

 E. Hesse illustrates his descriptions show in a number of respects, such as, for instance, the 

 shell and furca, a certain, though only a superficial resemblance to the genus Asterope, but in 

 most of the characters it is, however, quite impossible to find the slightest resemblance. Let us 

 look, for instance, at pi. Xll, fig. 6, which, according to the explanation, represents the anterior 

 portion of the body. This figure agrees very well with E. Hesse's description, p. 18: ,,Antennes 

 formees d'une seule paire, greles, longues et multiarticulees, suivies de pattes thoraciques biramees, 

 larges, plates, au nombre de cinc^, garnies de fortes epines, de soies pennees ou de tres-long crins 

 divergents et ramifies." The first antenna is long and very narrow, composed of nine joints of 

 about equal length, each joint provided with from one to three short, fine, simple bristles. The 

 second antenna is not, as in the genus Asterope, composed of a large muscular protopodite, 

 a reduced endopodite and a long, slender exopodite with h)ng natatory bristles akmg the ventral 

 (anterior) margin, it consists, on the contrary, of two moderately long, subequal, broad, flattened 

 branches of which the anterior one (the exopodite?) has a series of long natatory bristles along 

 the posterior edge, a number of moderately long bristles along the anterior edge, the posterior 

 one having a series of moderately long bristles along both the anterior and the posterior margins. 

 The following limbs, two of which are drawn, are all of the same type; they are bifurcated, the 

 anterior branch (the exopodite), with four or five joints, is relatively long, about twice as long 

 as the posterior one, which has two or th;-ee joints; both branches are flattened and are furnished 

 along both the anterior and the posterior edges with a series of powerful, moderately long or 

 relatively short bristles. The latter limbs show a certain resemblance, though only a superficial 

 one, to the posterior limbs of the free-swimming Copepods; they have, on the other hand, not 

 the faintest resemblance with the peculiarly characteristic limbs of the genus Asterope, It may 

 be -unnecessary to draw any further comparison. If any importance at all is to be attached to 

 the description and the figures the genus Copechaete must be considered as being not identical 

 with the genus Asterope. E. HlossE himself puts his new genus as a representative of a new 

 family by the side of ,,la famille des B o s m i n i d i e n s" of the C 1 a d o c e r s. Wliether 

 this is correct I nmst leave for further discussion. It is certain that the genus Copechaete cannt)t 

 be counted among the s t r a c o d s. It seems most convenient, at least for the present, 

 only to state that we do not know the natural position of this genus. 



Of the older writers who tried to give a description of forms belonging to this group. •^^'--'"^•'•-- ro„wiiiir,i 



1 1 , ■ • 1 f 1 1 i 1- 1 1 1 l>y older aitlhiirs in 



those whose descriptions are not merely confined to a general account of the shape and ,y,^. rf^,,.cf,„„„„ „„,/ 

 appearance of the shell commit very serious mistakes with regard both to the description and esplanniionu/iiiedi/- 

 the explanation of the different organs. This is not surprising when one remembers the lireat /'•'"<•'"'"■«'"••-"•— ^'"• 



^ o i v-' •- progress of <iur knmv- 



difficulties these authors had to contend with. Udsie of these organs. 



Thus the incomplete description by which A. PlllLli'I'l introduced A. elliptka into the 

 literature consists, as has been indicated above, almost exclusively of mistakes. The strong 

 natatory antennae are interpreted by this author as the first (and only) pair of antennae of 

 these forms, ,,Fuhlhorner". Behind these there are ,,zwei Paar FiiBe . . . welche beide uach 

 vorn gerichtet sind unci nur zweigliedrig erscheinen . . . An der Basis der Fiilie sitzen zwei 



