studies (on marine Ostracods 57.') 



in young individuals they are bag-shaped, in mature ones they are shaped like a bunch of grapes; 

 cf. a. W. MUller, 1894, pi. 40, fig. 14; they pass gradually into the oviducts. These soon 

 join to an unpaired passage, which is in most cases furnished distally with an extension and 

 has its exit on the left side of the body just in front of the furca. This exit, a narrow fissure, 

 always seems to be without chitinous thickenings and is very difficult to observe with certainty 

 except in series of sections. Only one receptaculum seminis is developed. This, whose outer 

 exit is to be found at about the place corresponding to that of the right receptaculum in Cypri- 

 diniformes, extends transversely across the back of the body and has its exit in the oviduct on 

 the left side of the body; cf. G. W. MCller, 1894, pi. 38, fig. 58. No parts of the sexnal organs 

 ever penetrate between the lamellae of the shell. 



The heart is always developed. 



R o d - s h a p e d organ:* — This is sometimes with, sometimes without dimorphism. 



— It is always developed, in most cases comparatively long and rod-shaped. (Only in a single 

 one of the species so far known, Euconclwecia lacunosa G. W. MOller, is it possibly very short; 

 it is not improbable, however, that this is a mistake; ,,Frontalorgan des ? auf einen kurzen 

 Zapfen reduziert (?)", G. W. MUller, 1908, p. 80.) It is attached high up on the forehead 

 and in most cases points directly forward. It varies rather c(msiderably in type. 



Special terminology: — Shell: — \\'ith regard to the glands I have used the terminology 

 worked out by G. W. Muller (1906 a). Thus „die unsymmetrischen Driisen" (= „Riicken- 

 driise +" „untere Hinterrandsdriise", according to C. Claus's tenninology, 1891 a) are called 

 „the unsymmetrical glands"; ,.die lateralen Eckdriisen" are called „the lateral corner glands" 

 and „die dorsalen medialen Driisen" (= „oberen Hinterrandsdrusen", according to C. Claus's 

 terminology, 1891 a) are called „the dorso-medial glands". 



Second antenna: — In the case of the bristles on the endopodite the following 

 alphabetical notation has been used in the descriptions of the species: The two bristles on the 

 first joint = the a- and the b-bristle, the proximal one being the a-bristle. Second joint: The 

 two long distal bristles = the f- and the g-bristle; the little bristle just near the base of these 

 in a number of species (of Conchoecia) = the e-bristle, the two bristles, in most cases short 



— also occurring only in a number of forms, e. g. males of Conchoecia — somewhat proximalh- 

 of these = the c- and d-bristles, the c-bristle being the more proximal one. The three bristles 

 of the end joint are called the h-, i- and j -bristles. 



Mandible: — With regard to this limb I have used, on the whole, the terminology 

 introduced by C. ClauS: Coxale: The „Zahnhocker", according to C. Claus's terminology, 

 on the anterior side of the pars incisiva is called „the hump". The „Zahnrand" on this process 



• In the present work mention is made of jointed and unjoinled rod-shaped organs. In this I follow the 

 example of G. W. MCller. On the other hand C. Glaus, 1891 a, p. 19, stales that there arc no real joints here: 

 „Die oft scharf ausgepriigto Absetzung des eichelforniigen Vorderabschnitis beruhl lediglich auf einer Knickung, hal 

 aber weder mil einer Articulation etvvas zu thuii, noch kann sie als eine bcwegliche bezeichncl warden" (G. W. .Muller 

 uses the word „be\veglich"), „da derselben Muskein fehlcn". It is certainly true that the different segments are not 

 lurnished with muscles, but they sometimes possess very great passive mobility. II seems lo be wrong lo limit Ihr 

 lonreplion of a joint to those cases in whieli tlie sogmonls arc moved by special muscles. 



