TUGA-LIA. 
Genus TUGALIA, Gray. 
Testa oblonga, scutiformis, arcuatd, subsymmetrica, 
anticé subattenuatd, omnino costellis radiantibus et 
striis concentricis decussatd ; apice retrorso, ele- 
vato; aperture margine crenulato ; impressione 
musculari postice semicirculari, antice interruptd. 
Shell oblong, scutiform, arched, subsymmetrical, rather 
attenuated in front, decussated in every part by 
radiating riblets and concentric strie ; apex lean- 
ing backwards, elevated; margin of the aperture 
crenulated ; muscular impression posteriorly semi- 
circular, anteriorly interrupted. 
The most arched Scutus is flatter than any TuGa.ta. 
The shell is generally more or less narrowed towards 
the front in the latter, the surface is decussated, and, 
above all, the margin is crenulated. 
Of the seven species herein described, the largest has 
its habitat in New Zealand. 
Fejee Islands, another has a western locality, and the 
remaining four present examples of the collecting zeal 
displayed by the late Mr. Cuming in ransacking the 
Philippine Islands. 
One comes from the 
Species 1. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming in Brit.) 
TUGALIA SCUTELLARIS. Tug. testd parvd, inequaliter 
ovata, virido-fuscd, tenui, subdepressd, costellis 
radiantibus subdistantibus et striis tenuissimis con- 
centricis creberrimis decussatd, posticé lata, rotunda, 
antice subacuminatd, angustd; apice subretuso, 
paulo post medium inclinato. 
THE SMALL SHIELD TuGatta. Shell small, unequally 
ovate, greenish-brown, thin, subdepressed, decus- 
sated with rather distant radiating ribs and very 
close concentric striz, wide behind, rounded, 
narrow, subacuminated in front; apex subretuse, 
bent a little behind the centre, 
ArtTHuR ADAMS. 
Hab, Philippines. Proc. Zool. Soc., 1851. 
A very small shell, with a nearly central apex. 



Species 2. (Mus. Cuming in Brit.) 
TuGAaLta osseaA. Tug. testd crassd, rugosd, albd, ob- 
longa, ovato-subquadratd convexd, costellis rotundis, 
numerosis radiantibus et striis concentricis tenuis- 
simis decussatad ; costellis anticé tenuioribus ; mar- 
gine sinuato. 
Osstous ‘TUGALIA. 
oblong, ovately subquadrate, convex, decussated 
3) 1 ) 
THE Shell thick, rugose, white, 
with round, numerous, radiating riblets and very 
fine concentric striae; riblets finer in front; 
margin sinuated. 
GouLp. United States Expedition. 
Hab. Fejee Islands. 
This shell has more of the Scurus form than any 
other, excepting, perhaps, Tugalia cicatrosa. 

Species 8. (Mus. Cuming in Brit.) 
Tug. testé oblongo-ovatd, arcuatd, 
carind dorsali, ee apice ad 
TUGALIA CARINATA. 
decussatim striata, 
marginem anticum radiata ; apice valde retrorso. 
Tur KEELED TuGatiA. Shell oblong-ovate, arched, 
decussately striated, rayed with a dorsal keel from 
the apex to the anterior margin; apex very back 
ward. 
Artuur Apams. Proce. Zool. Soc., 1851, 
Hab. Philippine Islands. H. Cuming. 
The chief peculiarity of this shell is the dorsal keel 
radiating from the apex to the anterior margin. 

Species 4. (Mus. Cuming in Brit.) 
TuGaLIA ParmopHortpEa. Tug. testa ovatd, subpyri- 
formi, arcuatd, convexd, postice rotundd, expansd, 
anticé subattenuatd, acuminata, intus albd, extus 
pallidé fusca ; costellis radiantibus crebris, rotundis. 
Parmopnorus-LIkE TuGALiA. Shell ovate, sub- 
pyriform, arched, convex, posteriorly rounded, ex- 
panded, anteriorly subattenuated, acuminated, 
white within, pale brown without; radiating 
THE 
riblets, close, rounded. 
Quoy ET GAIMARD. 
Hab. Australia and New Zealand. 
This is the largest species, and may serve for the 
type of the genus. 
June, 1870. 
